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NAKHICHEVAN, or NAKHJEVAN

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 156 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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NAKHICHEVAN, or NAKHJEVAN , a See also:city of See also:Russian See also:Armenia, in the See also:government of See also:Erivan, 85 m. S.E. of the See also:town of Erivan. It occupies the brow of a See also:spur of the Kara-bagh mountains, 2940 ft. above the See also:sea, and looks out over the valley of the See also:Aras. Pop. (1863) 6251, (1897) 8845. Built and rebuilt again and again, Nakhichevan is full of See also:half-obliterated evidences of former prosperity. The See also:present houses have for the most See also:part been quarried from See also:ancient ruins; of the See also:palace of the princes of See also:Azerbaijan there remains a gateway with a See also:Persian inscription, flanked by two See also:brick towers; and at a little distance stands the so-called See also:Tower of the Khans, a richly decorated twelve-sided structure, 102 ft. in circumference and 75 ft. in height, dating, to See also:judge by the inscription which runs around the See also:cornice, from the 12th See also:century. There are also ruins of a large See also:mosque. Situated on the highroad to See also:Tabriz and See also:Teheran, Nakhichevan has a large transit See also:trade. In the Persian See also:period the city is said to have had 40,000 inhabitants; the See also:population now consists chiefly of See also:Tatars and Armenians, who carry on gardening, make See also:wine and produce See also:silk, See also:salt and millstones. Armenian tradition claims See also:Noah as the founder of Nakhichevan (the Naxuana of See also:Ptolemy), and a See also:mound of See also:earth in the city is still visited by many pilgrims as his See also:grave. Laid See also:waste by the Persians in the 4th century, Nakhichevan sank into See also:comparative insignificance, but by the loth century had recovered its prosperity.

In 1064 it was taken by See also:

Alp Arslan, See also:sultan of the Seljuk See also:Turks, and in the 13th century it See also:fell a See also:prey to the See also:Mongols of Jenghiz See also:Khan. It afterwards suffered frequently during the See also:wars between the Persians, Armenians and Turks, and it finally passed into Russian See also:possession by the See also:peace of Turkman-chai in 1828. NAKHICHEVAN-ON-THE-See also:DON, a town of See also:southern See also:Russia, in the Don See also:Cossacks territory, 6 m. by See also:rail N.E. of the town of Rostov and on the right See also:bank of the Don. Pop. (1900) 30,883. It was founded in 178o by Armenian immigrants. It soon became a wealthy See also:place, and still is the administrative centre of the " Armenian See also:district," a narrow See also:strip along the See also:banks of the Don, with a population of 27,250. The town has See also:tobacco and See also:wadding factories, See also:tallow-melting See also:works, See also:soap-works, brickworks and tanneries. There is a large trade in cereals and See also:timber.

End of Article: NAKHICHEVAN, or NAKHJEVAN

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