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VANADINITE

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 878 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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VANADINITE , a See also:

mineral consisting of See also:lead chloro-vanadate, (PbCl)Pb4(VO4)3, crystallizing in the hexagonal See also:system and isomorphous with See also:pyromorphite and See also:mimetite (q.v.). The crystals are usually six-sided prisms terminated by the basal planes, but are sometimes modified by numerous pyramidal planes which exhibit parallel hemihedrism. Rounded crystals and See also:groups also occur. The See also:colour is usually See also:light See also:brown or yellow, but crystals from See also:Arizona are See also:bright red. Owing to isomorphous replacement of the See also:vanadium by See also:phosphorus and See also:arsenic, the specific gravity varies from 6.6 to 7•2; a variety containing much arsenic is called endlichite. The hardness is 3. The mineral is one of secondary formation in See also:veins of lead ore. It was first found in See also:Mexico, and in 1801 was asserted to contain a new See also:element, which was called " erythronium "; this was later proved to be identical with the subsequently discovered element vanadium. Other well-known localities are Wanlockhead in See also:Dumfriesshire, Kappel (Eisen-Kappel), near See also:Klagenfurt in See also:Carinthia, Arizona and New Mexico. (L. J.

End of Article: VANADINITE

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