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BLACK COUNTRY, THE

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 21 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BLACK See also:COUNTRY, THE , a name commonly applied to a See also:district lying principally in S. See also:Staffordshire, but extending into See also:Worcestershire and See also:Warwickshire, See also:England. This is one of the See also:chief manufacturing centres in the See also:United See also:Kingdom, and the name arises from the effect of numerous collieries and furnaces, which darken the See also:face of the district., the buildings and the See also:atmosphere. See also:Coal, ironstone and See also:clay are See also:mined in See also:close proximity, and every sort of See also:iron and See also:steel goods is produced. The district extends 15 M. N.W. from See also:Birmingham, and includes See also:Smethwick, See also:West Bromwich, See also:Dudley, See also:Oldbury, See also:Sedgley, See also:Tipton, See also:Bilston, See also:Wednesbury, See also:Wolverhampton and See also:Walsall as its most important centres. The ceaseless activity of the Black Country is most readily realized when it is traversed, or viewed from such an See also:elevation as Dudley See also:Castle See also:Hill, at See also:night, when the glare of furnaces appears in every direction. The district is served by numerous branches of the See also:Great Western, See also:London & See also:North Western, and Midland See also:railways, and is intersected by canals, which carry a heavy See also:traffic, and in some places are made to surmount See also:physical obstacles with remarkable See also:engineering skill, as in the See also:case of the Castle Hill tunnels at Dudley. Among the numerous branches of See also:industry there are several characteristic of certain individual centres. Thus, locks are a specialty at-BLACK See also:FOREST 2I Wolverhampton and Willenhall, and keys at Wednesfield; horses' bits, See also:harness-fittings and See also:saddlery at Walsall and Bloxwich, anchors and cables at Tipton, See also:glass at Smethwick, and nails and chains at Cradley.

End of Article: BLACK COUNTRY, THE

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