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BORNHOLM

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 264 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BORNHOLM , an See also:

island in the Baltic See also:Sea, 22 M. S.E. of the See also:Swedish See also:coast, belonging to See also:Denmark, lying on 15° E., and between 55° and 55° 18' N., and measuring 24 M. from S.E. to N.W. and 19 (extreme) from E. to W. Pop. (1901) 40,889. The See also:surface is generally hilly; the scenery is See also:fine in the See also:north, where the cliffs reach a height of 135 ft., and the See also:granite See also:hill of Helligdomsklipper dominates the island. Besides freestone, exported for See also:building, See also:limestone, See also:blue See also:marble, and See also:porcelain-See also:clay are worked. A little See also:coal is found and used locally, but it is not of See also:good quality. Oats, See also:flax and See also:hemp are cultivated. The inhabitants are employed in See also:agriculture, fishing, See also:brewing, See also:distillation and the manufacture of earthenware. See also:Weaving and See also:clock-making are also carried on to some extent. The See also:capital is Ronne (115 m. by sea from See also:Copenhagen), and there are five other small towns on the island—Svanike, Nekso, Hasle, Allinge, and Sandvig. A railway connects Ronne with Nekso (22 m.

E. by S.), where a bust commemorates J. N. See also:

Madvig, the philologist, who was See also:born there in 1804 (d. 1886). Blanch's Hotel, to m. N. of Ronne, is the most favoured resort on the island, which attracts many visitors. On the north-See also:west coast are the ruins of the See also:castle of Hammershus, which was built in 1158, and See also:long served as a See also:state See also:prison; while another old castle, erected by See also:Christian V. in 1684, and important as commanding the entrance to the Baltic, is situated on Christianso, one of a small See also:group of islands 15 M. E. by N. The island of Bornholm has had an eventful See also:history. In See also:early times it was long the See also:independent seat of marauding Vikings. In the 12th See also:century it became a See also:fief of the See also:archbishop of See also:Lund. In 1510 it was captured by the Hanseatic See also:League, in 1522 it came under Danish sway, and in 1526 it was made directly subject to the See also:city of See also:Lubeck.

In 1645 the Swedes took it by See also:

storm, and their See also:possession of it was confirmed by the See also:peace of See also:Roskilde in 1658; but the sympathies of the See also:people were with Denmark, and a popular insurrection succeeded in expelling the Swedish forces, the island coming finally into the possession of Denmark in 166o.

End of Article: BORNHOLM

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