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CAIRNGORM

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 952 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CAIRNGORM , a yellow or See also:

brown variety of See also:quartz, named from Cairngorm or Cairngorum; one of the peaks of the Grampian Mountains in See also:Banffshire, See also:Scotland. According to Mr E. H. See also:Cunningham-See also:Craig, the See also:mineral occurs in crystals lining cavities in highly-inclined See also:veins of a See also:fine-grained See also:granite See also:running through the coarser granite of the See also:main See also:mass: Shallow pits were formerly dug in the kaolinized granite for See also:sake of the cairngorm andthe mineral was also 'found as pebbles in the See also:bed of the See also:river See also:Avon. Cairngorm is a favourite ornamental See also:stone in Scotland, being set in the lids of See also:snuff-mulls, in the handles of dirks and in brooches for Highland See also:costume. A See also:rich See also:sherry-yellow See also:colour is much esteemed. Quartz of yellow, and brown colour is often known in See also:trade as " false See also:topaz," or simply " topaz." Such quartz is found at many localities in See also:Brazil, See also:Russia and See also:Spain. Much of the yellow quartz used in jewellery is said to be " burnt See also:amethyst "; that is, it was originally amethystine quartz, the colour of which has been modified by See also:heat (see AMETHYST). Yellow quartz is sometimes known as citrine;. when the quartz presents a See also:pale brown tint it is called " smoky quartz "; and when the brown is so deep that the stone appears almost See also:black it is termed See also:morion. The brown colour has been referred to. the presence of See also:titanium.

End of Article: CAIRNGORM

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