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CHURCHWARDEN , in See also:England, the See also:guardian or keeper of a See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church, and representative of the See also:body of the See also:parish. The name is derived from the See also:original See also:duty attached to the See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office,-that of the custody or guardianship of the fabric and See also:furniture of the church,—which See also:dates from the 14th See also:century, when the responsibility of providing for the See also:repairs of the See also:nave, and of furnishing the utensils for divine service, was settled on the parishioners. Churchwardens are always See also:lay persons, and as they may, like
artificial persons," hold goods and chattels and bring actions for them, they are recognized in See also:law as quasi-corporations. See also:Resident householders of a parish are those primarily eligible as churchwardens, but non-resident householders who are habitually occupiers are also eligible, while there are a few classes of persons who are either ineligible or exempted. The See also:appointment of churchwardens is regulated by the 89th See also:canon, which requires that the churchwardens shall be chosen by the See also:joint consent of the ministers and parishioners, if it may be; but if they cannot agree upon such a choice, then the See also:minister is to choose one, and the parishioners another. If, however, there is any See also:special See also:custom of the See also:place, the custom prevails, and the most See also:common custom is for the minister to appoint one, and the parishioners another, and this has been established by See also:English See also:statute, in the See also:case of new parishes, by the Church See also:Building and New Parishes Acts 1818-1884. There are other special customs recognized in various localities, e.g. in some of the larger parishes in the See also:north of England a churchwarden is chosen for each township of the parish; in the old ecclesiastical parishes of See also:London both churchwardens are chosen by the parishioners; in some cases they are appointed by the select See also:vestry, or by the See also:lord of the See also:manor, and in a few exceptional cases are chosen by the outgoing churchwardens.
In See also:general, churchwardens are appointed in See also:Easter See also:week, usually Easter See also:Monday or Easter Tuesday, but in new parishes the first appointment must be within twenty-one days after the See also:consecration of the church, or two See also:calendar months after the formation of the parish, subsequent appointments taking place at the usual See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time for the appointment of parish See also:officers. Each churchwarden after See also:election subscribes before the See also:ordinary a See also:declaration that he will execute his office faithfully.
The duties of churchwardens comprise the See also:provision of necessaries for divine service, so far as the church funds or voluntary subscriptions permit, the See also:collecting the See also:offertory ofthe See also:congregation, the keeping of See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order during the divine service, and- the giving of offenders into custody; the See also:assignment of seats to. parishioners; the guardianship of the movable goods of the church; the preservation and repair of the church and See also:churchyard, the fabric and the See also:fixtures; and the presentment of offences against ecclesiastical law.
In the episcopal church of the See also:United States churchwardens See also:discharge much the same duties as those performed by the English officials; their duties, however, are regulated by canons of the See also:diocese, not by canons general. In the United States, too, the usual practice is for the parishes to elect both the church-wardens.
See Prideaux's Churchwarden's See also:Guide (16th ed., London, 1895) ; See also:Steer's Parish Law (6th ed., London, 1899) ; See also:Blunt's See also:Book of Church Law (7th ed., London, 1894).
End of Article: CHURCHWARDEN
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