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CHUSAN

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 350 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CHUSAN , the See also:

principal See also:island of a See also:group situated off the eastern See also:coast of See also:China, in 30° N. 1220 E., belonging to the See also:province of Cheh-kiang. It lies N.W. and S.E., and has a circumference of 51 m., the extreme length being 20, the extreme breadth 1o, and the minimum breadth 6 m. The island' is beautifully diversified with See also:hill and See also:dale, and well watered with numerous small streams, of which the most considerable is the Tungkiang, falling into the See also:harbour of Tinghai. Most of the See also:surface is capable of cultivation, and nineteen-twentieths of the inhabitants are engaged in See also:agriculture. Wherever it is possible to See also:rear See also:rice every other product is neglected; yet the quantity produced is not sufficient for the wants of the inhabitants. See also:Millet, See also:wheat, sweet potatoes, yams and tares are also grown. The See also:tea plant' is found almost everywhere, and the See also:cotton plant is largely cultivated near the See also:sea. The See also:capital, Tinghai, stands about See also:half a mile from the See also:southern See also:shore, and is surrounded by a See also:wall nearly 3 M. in See also:circuit. The ditch outside the wall is interrupted on the N.W. See also:side by a See also:spur from a neighbouring hill, which projects into the See also:town, and forms an easy See also:access to an attacking force. The town is traversed by canals, and the harbour, which has from 4 to 8 fathoms See also:water, is See also:land-locked by several islands. See also:Temple (or See also:Joss-See also:house) Hill, which commands the town and harbour See also:close to the See also:beach, is 122 ft. high.

The See also:

population of the entire island is estimated at 250,000, of which the capital contains about 40,000. Chusan has but few manufactures; the See also:chief are coarse cotton stuffs and agricultural implements. There are See also:salt See also:works on the coast; and the See also:fisheries employ a number of the inhabitants. In Tinghai a considerable businese is carried on in See also:carving and varnishing, and its See also:silver See also:ware., are in high repute. The principal exports are See also:fish, coarse See also:black tea, cotton, See also:vegetable See also:tallow, sweet potatoes, and some wheat. Chusan was occupied by the See also:Japanese during the Ming See also:dynasty, and served as an important commercial See also:entrepot. It was taken by the See also:British forces in 184o and 1841, and retained till 1846 as a See also:guarantee for the fulfilment of the stipulations of the treaty. It was also occupied by the British in 186o.

End of Article: CHUSAN

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