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CZENSTOCHOWA, or CHENSTOKHOV

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 724 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CZENSTOCHOWA, or CHENSTOKHOV , a See also:town of See also:Russian See also:Poland, in the See also:government of See also:Piotrkow, on the See also:left See also:bank of the Warta (See also:Warthe), 143 M. S.W. of See also:Warsaw, on the railway between that See also:city and See also:Cracow. Pop. (1900) 53,650. Here is a celebrated monastery crowning the steep See also:eminence called Yaznagora or Klarenberg. It was founded by See also:King Vladislaus of the See also:house of Jagiello and was at one See also:time fabulously wealthy. In 1430 it was attacked and plundered by the See also:Hussites; in 1655, and again in 1705, it bravely resisted the Swedes; but in 1772 it was forced to capitulate to the Russians, and in 1793 to the Prussians. The fortifications, which had been built from 1 soo onwards, were razed in 1813. This monastery, which is occupied by monks of the See also:order of See also:Paul the See also:Hermit, contains over the See also:altar in its See also:church a painted See also:image of the Virgin, traditionally believed to have been painted by St See also:Luke,. and visited annually by throngs (400,000) of pilgrims from all over See also:Russia, eastern See also:Prussia and other neighbouring regions. The inhabitants ofthe town manufacture See also:cotton, See also:cloth and See also:paper, and do a lively business in rosaries, images, scapularies and so forth.

End of Article: CZENSTOCHOWA, or CHENSTOKHOV

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