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See also:DLUGOSZ, See also:JAN [JOHANNES See also:LONGINUS] (1415-1480) , See also:Polish statesman and historian, was the son of Jan Dlugosz, See also:burgrave of Bozeznica. See also:Born in 1415, he graduated at the university of See also:Cracow and in 1431 entered the service of See also:Bishop Zbygniew Olesnicki (1389-1455), the statesman and diplomatist. He speedily won the favour of his See also:master, who induced him to take orders and made him his secretary. His preferment was rapid. In 1436 we find him one of the canons of Cracow and the See also:administrator of Olesnicki's vast estates. In 1440, on returning from See also:Hungary, whither his master had escorted See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King See also:Wladislaus II., Dlugosz saved the See also:life of Olesnicki from robbers. The See also:prelate now employed Dlugosz on the most delicate and important See also:political See also:missions. Dlugosz brought Olesnicki the red See also:hat from See also:Rome in 1449, and shortly afterwards was despatched to Hungary to mediate between See also:Hunyadi and the Bohemian See also:condottiere Giszkra, a difficult See also:mission which he most successfully accomplished. Both these embassies were undertaken contrary to the wishes of King Casimir IV., who was altogether opposed to Olesnicki's ecclesiastical policy. But though he thus sacrificed his own prospects to the See also:cardinal's See also:good See also:pleasure, Dlugosz was far too sagacious to approve of the provocative attitude of Olesnicki, andfrequently and fearlessly remonstrated with him on his conduct. In his See also:account, however, of the See also:quarrel between Casimir and Olesnicki concerning the question of priority between the cardinal and the See also:primate of See also:Poland he warmly embraced the cause of the former, and even pronounced Casimir worthy of dethronement. Such outbursts against Casimir IV. are not infrequent in Dlugosz's Historia Polonica, and his strong See also:personal See also:bias must certainly be taken into See also:consideration in any See also:critical estimate of that famous See also:work. Yet as a high-minded patriot Dlugosz had no sympathy whatever with Olesnicki's opposition to Casimir's Prussian policy, and steadily supported the king during the whole course of the See also:war with the See also:Teutonic knights. When Olesnicki died in 1455 he See also:left Dlugosz his See also:principal executor. The See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of administering the cardinal's See also:estate was a very ungrateful one, for the See also:family resented the liberal benefactions of their kinsman to the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church and the univesity, and accused Dlugosz of exercising undue See also:influence, from which See also:charge he triumphantly vindicated himself. It was in the See also:year of his See also:patron's See also:death that he began to write his Historia Polonica. This See also:great See also:book, the first and still one of the best See also:historical See also:works on Poland in the See also:modern sense of the word, was only undertaken after mature consideration and an exhaustive study of all the See also:original See also:sources then available, some of which are now lost. The principal archives of Poland and Hungary were ransacked for the purpose, and in his account of his own times Dlugosz's intimate acquaintance with the leading scholars and statesmen of his See also:day stood him in good See also:stead. The See also:style is modelled on that of See also:Livy, of whom Dlugosz was a warm admirer. As a See also:- PROOF (in M. Eng. preove, proeve, preve, &°c., from O. Fr . prueve, proeve, &c., mod. preuve, Late. Lat. proba, probate, to prove, to test the goodness of anything, probus, good)
proof of the thoroughness and conscientiousness of Dlugosz it may be mentioned that he learned the See also:Cyrillic See also:alphabet and took up the study of Ruthenian, " in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order that this our See also:history may be as See also:plain and perfect as possible." The first of the numerous imprints of the Historia Polonica appeared in 1614, the first See also:complete edition in 1711.
Dlugosz's See also:literary labours did not interfere with his political activity. In 1467 the generous and discerning Casimir IV. entrusted Dlugosz with the See also:education of his sons, the eldest of whom, Wladislaus, at the urgent See also:request of the king, he accompanied to See also:Prague when in 1471 the See also:young See also:prince was elected king of Bohemia. Dlugosz refused the archbishopric of Prague because of his strong dislike of the See also:land of the See also:Hussites; but seven years later he accepted the archbishopric of See also:Lemberg. His last years were devoted to his history, which he completed in 1479. He died on the 19th of May 148o, at Piatek.
See Aleksander Semkowicz, Critical Considerations of the Polish Works of Dlugosz (Po14 Cracow, 1874) ; See also:Michael Bobrzynski and Stanislaw Smolka, Life of Dlugosz and has Position in Literature (Pol.; Cracow, 1893). (R. N.
End of Article: DLUGOSZ, JAN [JOHANNES LONGINUS] (1415-1480)
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