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GROIN

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 611 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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GROIN . (I) An obsolete word for the grunting of See also:

SWINE

swine, from See also:

LAT

Lat. grunnire, and so applied to the snout of a See also:

pig; it is probably the origin of the word, more commonly spelled " groyne," for a small See also:

TIMBER

timber framework or See also:

wall of See also:

MASONRY

masonry used on See also:

sea coasts as a See also:

BREAKWATER

breakwater to prevent the encroachment of See also:

sand and See also:

SHINGLE

shingle. (2) (Of uncertain origin; from an older See also:

FORM (Lat. forma)

form grynde or grinde; the derivation from " See also:

GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

grain," an obsolete word meaning " See also:

FORK (Lat. furca)

fork," cannot, according to the New See also:

ENGLISH

English See also:

DICTIONARY

Dictionary, be accepted), in See also:

anatomy the folds or grooves formed between the See also:

LOWER

lower See also:

PART

part of the See also:

ABDOMEN (a Latin word, either from abdere, to hide, or from a form adipomen, from adeps, fat)

abdomen and the thighs, covering the inguinal glands, and so applied in See also:

ARCHITECTURE (Lat. architectura, from the Gr. ap)(LTEKrwv, a master-builder)

architecture to the See also:

ANGLE (from the Lat. angulus, a corner, a diminutive, of which the primitive form, angus, does not occur in Latin; cognate are the Lat. angere, to compress into a bend or to strangle, and the Gr. ayKOS, a bend; both connected with the Aryan root ank-, to

angle or " See also:

ARRIS (Fr. areste, or arete)

arris " formed by the intersection of two vaults See also:

CROSSING

crossing one another, occasionally called by workmen " groin point." If the vaults are both of the same See also:

RADIUS

radius and height, their intersections See also:

lie in a See also:

VERTICAL (from Lat. vertex, highest point)

vertical See also:

PLANE

plane, in other cases they form winding curves for which it is difficult to provide centering. In See also:

early See also:

MEDIEVAL

medieval vaulting this was sometimes arranged by a slight alteration in the geometrical See also:

CURVE (Lat. curvus, bent)

curve of the vault, but the problem was not satisfactorily solved until the introduction of the See also:

RIB (from 0. Eng. ribb; the word appears' in many Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Rippe, Swed. reb)

rib which hence-forth ruled the vaulting See also:

SURFACE

surface of the See also:

WEB (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Du. webbe, Dan. vaev, Ger. Gewebe, all from the Teutonic wabh—to weave)

web or See also:

CELL (from Lat. cella, probably from an Indo-European kal —seen in Lat. celare, to hide; another suggestion connects the word with Lat. cera, wax, taking the original meaning to refer to the honeycomb)

cell (see VAULT). The name " Welsh groin " 9r " underpitch " is generally given to the vaulting surface or web where the See also:

main See also:

LONGITUDINAL

longitudinal vault is higher than the See also:

CROSS

cross or transverse vaults; as the trans-See also:

VERSE (from Lat. versus, literally a line or furrow drawn by turning the plough, from vertere, and afterwards signifying an arrangement of syllables into feet)

verse rib (of much greater radius than that of the wall rib), projected diagonally in front of the latter, the filling-in or web has to be carried back from the transverse to the wall rib. The See also:

TERM

term " groin centering " is used where, in groining without ribs, the whole surface is supported by centering during the erection of the vaulting. In ribbed See also:

WORK

work the See also:

stone ribs only are supported by timber ribs during the progress of the work, any See also:

LIGHT

light stuff being used while filling in the spandrils.

End of Article: GROIN

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