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HYDERABAD, or HAIDARABAD

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Originally appearing in Volume V14, Page 31 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HYDERABAD, or HAIDARABAD , a See also:city and See also:district of See also:British See also:India, in the See also:Sind See also:province of Bombay. The city stands on a See also:hill about 3 M. from the See also:left See also:bank of the See also:Indus, and had a See also:population in 19or of 69,378. Upon the site of the See also:present fort is supposed to have stood the See also:ancient See also:town of Nerankot, which in the 8th See also:century submitted to Mahommed See also:bin Kasim. In 1768 the present city was founded by Ghulam Shah Kalhora;and it remained the See also:capital of Sind until 1843, when, after the See also:battle of See also:Meeanee, it was surrendered to the British, and the capital transferred to See also:Karachi. The city is built on the most northerly hills of the Ganga range, a site of See also:great natural strength. In the fort, which covers an See also:area of 36 acres, is the See also:arsenal of the province, transferred thither from Karachi in 1861, and the palaces of the ex-mirs of Sind. An excellent See also:water See also:supply is derived from the Indus. In addition to manufactures of See also:silk, See also:gold and See also:silver See also:embroidery, lacquered See also:ware and pottery, there are three factories for ginning See also:cotton. There are three high See also:schools, training colleges for masters and mistresses, a medical school, an agricultural school for See also:village officials, and a technical school. The city suffered from See also:plague in 1896–1897. The DISTRICT OF HYDERABAD has an area of 8291 sq. m., with a population in 1901 of 989,030, showing an increase of 15% in the See also:decade. It consists of a vast alluvial See also:plain, on the left bank of the Indus, 216 in. See also:long and 48 broad.

Fertile along the course of the See also:

river, it degenerates towards the See also:east into sandy wastes, sparsely populated, and defying cultivation. The monotony is relieved by the fringe of See also:forest which marks the course of the river, and by the avenues of trees that See also:line the See also:irrigation channels branching eastward from this stream. The See also:south of the district has a See also:special feature in its large natural water-courses (called dhoras) and See also:basin-like shallows (chhaus), which retain the rains for a long See also:time. A See also:limestone range called the Ganga and the pleasant frequency of See also:garden lands break the monotonous landscape. The See also:principal crops are millets, See also:rice, oil-seeds, cotton and See also:wheat, which are dependent on irrigation, mostly from See also:government canals. There is a special manufacture at See also:Hala of glazed pottery and striped cotton See also:cloth. Three See also:railways See also:traverse the district: (I) one of the See also:main lines of the See also:North-Western See also:system, following the Indus valley and See also:crossing the river near Hyderabad; (2) a broad-See also:gauge See also:branch See also:running south to Badin, which will ultimately be extended to Bombay; and (3) a See also:metre-gauge line from Hyderabad city into See also:Rajputana.

End of Article: HYDERABAD, or HAIDARABAD

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