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IQUIQUE

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Originally appearing in Volume V14, Page 739 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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IQUIQUE , a See also:

city and See also:port of See also:Chile, See also:capital of the See also:province of See also:Tarapaca, 82o m. N. of See also:Valparaiso, in 20° 12' 15" S., 70° I I' 15" W. Pop. (1895), 33,031; (1900, est.), 42,440. The See also:coast here runs due N. and S. and the city is built on a narrow level See also:plain between the See also:sea and bluffs, the latter rising steeply 2000 ft. to the level of the See also:great See also:desert plain of Tarapaca, celebrated for its See also:rich deposits of nitrate of soda. Facing the city is the See also:low barren See also:island of Serrano, or Iquique, which is connected with the mainland by a See also:stone See also:causeway 1500 ft. See also:long, and shelters the anchorage from southerly storms. A See also:mole extending from the N.E. end of the island affords some further See also:protection. The city is laid out in the rectangular See also:plan, with broad streets and large squares. See also:Water is brought by pipes from See also:Pica, 50 M. distant. Iquique is a city of much commercial importance and is provided with See also:banks, substantial business houses, See also:newspapers, clubs, See also:schools, See also:railways, tramways, electric See also:lights, See also:telephone lines, and steamship and See also:cable communication with the outside See also:world. It exports See also:iodine and immense quantities of nitrate of soda obtained from the desert region of the province. A large number of vessels are engaged in the nitrate See also:trade, and Iquique ranks as one of the two leading ports of Chile in the aggregate value of its See also:foreign See also:commerce.

It is connected by See also:

rail with the inland See also:town of Tarapaca and various See also:mining centres, and through them with the ports of Pisagua on the N., and Patillos on the S. Iquique was an insignificant Peruvian fishing See also:settlement until 183o when the export of nitrate began. In 1868 the town was nearly destroyed by an See also:earthquake, in 1875 by See also:fire, and again in 1877 by earthquakes, a fire and a tidal See also:wave. It was occupied by the Chileans in 1879 in the See also:war between Chile and See also:Peru, and was ceded to Chile by the treaty of the loth of See also:October 1883.

End of Article: IQUIQUE

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