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KAIRA, or KIIEDA

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 635 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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KAIRA, or KIIEDA , a See also:town and See also:district of See also:British See also:India, in the See also:northern See also:division of Bombay. The town is 20 m. S.W. of See also:Ahmedabad and 7 M. from Mehmadabad railway station. Pop. (1901), 10,392. Its antiquity is proved by the See also:evidence of copperplate grants to have been known as See also:early as the 5th See also:century. Early in the 18th century it passed to the Babi See also:family, with whom it remained till 1763, when it was taken by the See also:Mahrattas; it was finally handed over to the British in 1803. It was a large military station till 183o, when the See also:cantonment was removed to Deesa. The DISTRICT OF KAIRA has an See also:area of 1595 sq. m.; pop. (1901), 716,332, showing a decrease of 18% in the See also:decade, due to the results of See also:famine. Except a small corner of hilly ground near its northern boundary and in the See also:south-See also:east and south, where the See also:land along the See also:Mahi is furrowed into deep ravines, the district forms one unbroken See also:plain, sloping gently towards the south-See also:west. The See also:north and north-east portions are dotted with patches of See also:rich See also:rice-land, broken by untilled tracts of See also:low See also:brush-See also:wood.

The centre of the district is very fertile and highly cultivated; the luxuriant See also:

fields are surrounded by high hedges, and the whole See also:country is clothed with clusters of shapely trees. To the west this See also:belt of rich vegetation passes into a barethough well-cultivated See also:tract of rice-land, growing more barren and open till it reaches the maritime belt, whitened by a See also:salt-like crust, along the Gulf of See also:Cambay. The See also:chief See also:rivers are the Mahi on the south-east and south, and the Sabarmati on the western boundary. The Mahi, owing to its deeply cut See also:bed and sandbanks, is impracticable for either See also:navigation or See also:irrigation; but the See also:waters of the Sabarmati are largely utilized for the latter purpose. A smaller stream, the Khari, also waters a consider-able area by means of canals and sluices. The See also:principal crops are See also:cotton, millets, rice and See also:pulse; the See also:industries are See also:calico-See also:printing, See also:dyeing, and the manufacture of See also:soap and See also:glass. The chief centre of See also:trade is Nadiad, on the railway, with a cotton-See also:mill. A See also:special See also:article of export is ghi, or clarified See also:butter. The Bombay & See also:Baroda railway runs through the district. The famine of 1899-1900 was See also:felt more severely here than in any other See also:part of the See also:province, the loss of See also:cattle being specially heavy.

End of Article: KAIRA, or KIIEDA

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