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See also:AHMEDABAD, or AHMADABAD , a See also:city and See also:district of See also:British See also:India in the See also:northern See also:division of Bombay. The city was once the handsomest and most flourishing in western India, and it still ranks next to See also:Agra and See also:Delhi for the beauty and extent of its architectural remains. It was founded by Ahmad Shah in A.D. 1411 on the site of several See also:Hindu towns, which had pre-ceded it, and was embellished by him with See also:fine buildings of See also:marble, brought from a distance. The Portuguese traveller Barbosa, who visited See also:Gujarat in A.D. 1511 and 1514, described Ahmedabad as " very See also:rich and well embellished with See also:good streets and squares supplied with houses of See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone and See also:cement." In See also:Sir See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas See also:Roe's See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time, A.D. 1615, " it was a goodly city as large as See also:London." During the course of its See also:history it has passed through two periods of greatness, two of decay and one of revival. From 1411 to 1511 it See also:grew in See also:size and See also:wealth; from 1512 to 1572 it declined with the decay of the See also:dynasty of Gujarat; from 1572. to 1709. it renewed its greatness under the See also:Mogul emperors; from 1709 to 1809 it dwindled with their decline; and from 1818 onwards it has again increased under British See also:rule.
The consequence of all these changes of dynasty was that Ahmedabad became the See also:- MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)
meeting-See also:place of Hindu, See also:Mahommedan and Jain See also:architecture. Ahmad Shah pulled down Hindu temples in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to build his mosques with the material. The Jama Masjid itself, which he built in A.D. 1424, with its three See also:hundred pillars fantastically carved, is a Hindu See also:temple converted into a See also:mosque (see See also:INDIAN ARCHITECTURE, See also:Plate III., fig. 15). One of the finest buildings is the See also:modern Jain temple of Hathi Singh out-See also:side the Delhi See also:gate, which was built only in 1848, and is a See also:standing See also:monument to the endurance of Jain architectural See also:art The See also:external See also:porch, between two circular towers, is of See also:great magnificence, most elaborately ornamented, and leads to an See also:outer See also:court, with sixteen cells on either side. In the centre of this court is a domed porch of the usual See also:form with twenty pillars. The court leads to an inner porch of twenty-two pillars, two stories in height. This inner porch conducts to a triple See also:sanctuary. See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James See also:Fergusson wrote of this temple that " each See also:part increases
in dignity to the sanctuary; and whether looked at from its courts or from outside, it possesses variety without confusion, and an appropriateness of every part to the purpose for which it was intended." But perhaps the most unique sight in Ahmedabad is the two windows in Sidi Said's mosque of See also:filigree marble See also:work. The See also:design is an See also:imitation of See also:twining and inter-laced branches, a marvel of delicacy and See also:- GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
- GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )
grace, and finer than anything of the See also:kind to be found in Agra or Delhi.
The modern city of Ahmedabad is situated on the See also:left See also:bank of the See also:river Sabarmati, and is still surrounded by walls en-closing an See also:area of about 2 sq. m. Its See also:population in 1901 was 185,889. It has a station on the Bombay and See also:Baroda railway, 309 M. from Bombay, whence See also:branch lines diverge into See also:Kathiawar and See also:Mahi Kantha, and is a great centre for both See also:trade and manufacture. Its native bankers, shopkeepers and workers are all strongly organized in See also:gilds. It has See also:cotton See also:mills for See also:spinning and See also:weaving, besides many handlooms, and factories for ginning and pressing cotton. Other See also:industries include the manufacture of See also:gold and See also:silver See also:- THREAD (0. Eng. praed, literally, that which is twisted, prawan, to twist, to throw, cf. " throwster," a silk-winder, Ger. drehen, to twist, turn, Du. draad, Ger. Draht, thread, wire)
thread, See also:silk brocades, pottery, See also:paper and shoes. The prosperity of Ahmedabad, says a native See also:- PROVERB (Lat. proverbium, from pro, forth, publicly, verbum, word; the Greek equivalent is irapolµia, from 7rapa, alongside, and oiµos, way, road, i.e. a wayside saying; Ger. Sprichwort)
proverb, hangs on three threads—silk, gold and cotton; and though its manufactures are on a smaller See also:scale than formerly, they are still moderately flourishing. The military See also:cantonment, 3 M. See also:north of the native See also:town, is the headquarters of the northern division of the Bombay command, with an See also:arsenal.
The DISTRICT OF AHMEDABAD lies at the See also:head of the Gulf of See also:Cambay, between Baroda and Kathiawar. Area 3816 sq. m. The river Sabarmati and its tributaries, flowing from north-See also:east to See also:south-See also:west into the Gulf of Cambay, are the See also:principal streams that See also:water the district. The north-eastern portion is slightly elevated, and dotted with See also:low hills, which gradually sink into a vast See also:plain, subject to inundation on its western extremity. With the exception of this latter portion, the See also:soil is very fertile, and some parts of the district are beautifully wooded. The population in 1901 was 795,967, showing a decrease of 14 % in the See also:decade, due to the effects of See also:famine. The principal crops are millets, cotton, See also:wheat and See also:pulse. The district is traversed by the Bombay and Baroda railway, and has two seaports, Dholera and See also:Gogo, the former of which has given its name to a See also:mark of raw cotton in the See also:Liverpool' See also:market. It suffered severely in the famine of 1899-1900.
End of Article: AHMEDABAD, or AHMADABAD
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