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MILLERAND, ALEXANDRE (1859– )

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 465 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MILLERAND, See also:ALEXANDRE (1859– ) , See also:French socialist and politician, was See also:born in See also:Paris on the loth of See also:February 1859. He was educated for the See also:bar, and made his reputation by his See also:defence, in See also:company with Georges See also:Laguerre, of Ernest Rcche and Duc-See also:Quercy, the instigators of the strike at See also:Decazeville in 1883; he then took Laguerre's See also:place on M. See also:Clemenceau's See also:paper, La See also:Justice. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for the See also:department of the See also:Seine in 1885 as a See also:radical socialist. He was associated with MM. Cleinenceau and Camille See also:Pelletan as an arbitrator in the Carmaux strike (1892). He had See also:long had the See also:ear of the Chamber in matters of social legislation, and after the See also:Panama scandals had discredited so many politicians his See also:influence See also:grew. He was See also:chief of the Socialist See also:left, which then mustered sixty members, and edited until 1896 their See also:organ in the See also:press, La Petite Republique. His See also:programme included the collective ownership of the means of See also:production and the See also:international association of labour, but when in See also:June 1899 he entered Waldeck-See also:Rousseau's See also:cabinet of " republican defence " as See also:minister of See also:commerce he limited himself to See also:practical reforms, devoting his See also:attention to the improvement of the See also:mercantile marine, to the development of See also:trade, of technical See also:education, of the postal See also:system, and to the amelioration of the conditions of labour. Labour questions were entrusted to a See also:separate department, the Direction du Travail, and the See also:pension and See also:insurance See also:office was also raised to the status of a " direction. " The introduction of trades-See also:union representatives on the Supreme Labour See also:Council, the organization of See also:local labour See also:councils, and the instructions to factory inspectors to put themselves in communication with the councils of the trades-unions, were valuable concessions to labour, and he further secured the rigorous application of earlier See also:laws devised for the See also:protection of the working-classes. His name was especially associated with a project for the See also:establishment of old See also:age See also:pensions, which became See also:law in 1905.

He became in 1898 editor of La See also:

Lantern. His influence with the extreme Socialists had already declined, for it was said that his departure from the true Marxist tradition had disintegrated the party. For his See also:administration in the Waldeck-Rousseau cabinet see A. Lavy, L'tEuvre de Millerand (1902); his speeches between 1899 and 1907 were published in 1907 as Travail et travailleurs.

End of Article: MILLERAND, ALEXANDRE (1859– )

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