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NAGARJUNA

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 151 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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NAGARJUNA , a celebrated Buddhist philosopher and writer. He is constantly quoted in the literature of the later See also:

schools of See also:Buddhism, and a very large number of See also:works in See also:Sanskrit is attributed to him. None of these has been critically edited or translated; and there is much uncertainty as to the exact date of his tamer, and as to his opinions. The most probable date seems to be the See also:early See also:part of the 3rd See also:century A.D. He seems to have been See also:born in the See also:south of See also:India, and to have lived under the patronage of a See also:king of See also:southern Kosala, the See also:modern Chattisgarh. See also:Chinese and Tibetan authorities differ as to the name of this monarch; but it apparently is meant to represent an See also:Indian name Satavahana, which is a dynastic See also:title, not a See also:personal name. Of the works he probably wrote one was a See also:treatise advocating the Madhyamaka views of which he is the reputed founder; another a See also:long and poetical See also:prose See also:work on the stages of the Bodhisattva career; and a third a voluminous commentary on the Alahaprajnad-paramita Sutra. Chinese tradition ascribes to him See also:special knowledge of herbs, of See also:astrology, of See also:alchemy and of See also:medicine. Two medical See also:treatises, one on prescriptions in See also:general, the other on the treatment of See also:eye-disease, are said, by Chinese writers, to be by him. Several poems of a didactic See also:character are also ascribed to him. The best known of these poems is The Friendly See also:Epistle addressed to King Udayana. A See also:translation into See also:English of a Tibetan version of this piece has been published by Dr See also:Wenzel.

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