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PROTESILAUS
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PROTESILAUS , in See also:Greek See also:legend, son of Iphiclus, and See also:husband of Laodameia. In command of the Greek contingent from Phylace in See also:Thessaly, he was the first to See also:spring ashore on Trojan See also:soil, although he knew it meant instant See also:death. His wife be-sought the gods below that he might be permitted to return to See also:earth for the space of three See also:hours. Her See also:prayer was granted, and on the expiration of the See also:time allotted she returned with him to the nether See also:world. According to See also:Hyginus (Fab. 103, 104), Laodameia made a waxen See also:image of her husband. A slave, having detected her in the See also:act of embracing it and supposing it to be a See also:lover, informed her See also:father, who ordered her to See also:burn the image; whereupon she threw herself with it into the flames. In another See also:account (See also:Conon, Narrationes, 13) Protesilaus survived the fall of See also:Troy and carried off Aethilla, the See also:sister of See also:Priam. During a See also:halt on the See also:peninsula of Pallene, Aethilla and the other See also:captive See also:women set See also:fire to the See also:ships. Protesilaus, unable to continue his voyage, remained and built the See also:city of Scione. His See also:tomb and See also:temple were to be seen near Eleus in the Thracian See also:Chersonese. See also:Nymphs had planted See also:elm-trees, facing towards Troy, which withered away as soon as they had grown high enough to see the captured city. Protesilaus was the subject of a tragedy by See also:Euripides, of which some fragments remain. Iliad, ii. 698; See also:Lucian, See also:Dial mort. See also:xxiii. 1; See also:Ovid, Heroides, xiii.; See also:Philostratus, Heroica, iii. " Monera " of See also:Haeckel, supposed (erroneously in most if not all See also:species adequately studied) to possess no See also:nucleus in the See also:protoplasm. The following are the characteristics of the See also:group. Pseudopods usually granular, See also:fine flexible, tapering generally, not freely branching; reproducing sometimes by See also:simple fission, but more frequently by multiple fission in a brood-cyst whose walls may be multiple. Plasmodium formation occasional, but never leading to the formation of a massive fructification: other syngamic processes unknown, and probably non-existent. Encystment, or at least a resting See also:stage at full growth, is very characteristic, and frequently an See also:excretion of granules takes See also:place into the first-formed cyst, whereupon a second inner cyst is formed which may be followed by a third. These brood-cysts, in which multiple fission takes place, may be of two kinds, See also:ordinary and resting, the latter being distinguished by a See also:firm, and usually ornamented and cuticularized See also:cell-See also:wall, and only producing its zoospores after an See also:interval. Besides, an individual at any See also:age may under unfavourable conditions surround itself with a " hypnocyst," to pass the time until matters are more suitable to active See also:life, when it emerges unchanged. From the initial See also:character of the brood-cell on leaving the sporocyst the dividing character of the two orders is taken. 1. Zoosporeae, Zopf. The brood-cells leave the cyst as " Monads " (with one or two flagella). Genera : Pseudospora, Cienk. ; Protomonas, Cienk.; Diplophysalis, Zopf.; Gymnococcus, Z.; Aphelidium, Z.; Pseudosporidium, Z.; Plasmodiophora, Woronin; Tetramyxa, Goebel. 2. Azoosporeae, Zopf. Genera: Endyonema, Z.; See also:Vampyrella, Cienk. (See also:figs. 1, 2, 3) ; Leptophrys, Hertw. and Less. ; Bursulla, Sorokin; See also:Protogenes, Haeck. (fig. 8) ; A rcherina, Lank. (figs. 4–7) ; Serosporidium, L. See also:Pfeiffer; Lymphosporidium, Calkins. Many of the species are endoparasites in living cells, mostly of See also:Algae or See also:Fungi, but not exclusively. At least two species of Pseudospora have been taken for reproductive stages in the life See also:history of their hosts—whence indeed the generic name. Plasmodiophora brassicae gives rise to the disease known as " Hanburies " or " fingers and toes " in See also:Cruciferae ; Lymphosporidium causes a virulent epidemic among the See also:American See also:brook-See also:trout, Salvelinus fontinalis. Archerina boltoni is remarkable for containing a pair of See also:chlorophyll corpuscles in each cell; no nucleus has been made out, but the chlorophyll bodies See also:divide previous to fission. It is a fresh-See also:water See also:form. The .cells of this species form loose aggregates or filoplasmodia, like those of Mikrogromia (See also:Foraminifera, q.v.) or Leydenia (Labyrinthuloidea, q.v.), &c. Vampyrella (figs. 1–3) and Enteromyxa also form a compact plasmodium which separates into I-nucleate cells, which then encyst and divide into a brood of four. (M. Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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