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SANTILLANA

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Originally appearing in Volume V24, Page 194 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SANTILLANA , I$IGO See also:

LOPEZ DE See also:MENDOZA, See also:MARQUIS OF (1398-1458), Castilian poet, was See also:born at Carrion de los Condes in Old See also:Castile on the 19th of See also:August 1398. His See also:father, Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, See also:grand See also:admiral of Castile, having died in 1405, the boy was educated under the See also:eye of his See also:mother, Dona Leonor de la See also:Vega, a woman of See also:great strength of See also:character. From his eighteenth See also:year onwards he became an increasingly prominent figure at the See also:court of Juan II. of Castile, distinguishing himself in both See also:civil and military service; he was created marques de Santillana and See also:conde del Real de See also:Manzanares for the See also:part he took in the See also:battle of Olmedo (19th of May 1455). In the struggle of the Castilian nobles against the See also:influence of the See also:constable Alvaro de See also:Luna he showed great moderation, but in 1452 he joined the See also:combination which effected the fall of the favourite in the following year. From the See also:death of Juan II. in 1454 Mendoza took little part in public affairs, devoting himself mainly to the pursuits of literature and to pious meditation. He died at See also:Guadalajara on the 25th of See also:March 1458. Mendoza shares with Juan de Villalpando the distinction of introducing the See also:sonnet into Castile, but his productions in this class are conventional metrical exercises. He was much more successful in the serranilla and vaqueira—highland pastorals after the Provencal manner. His rhymed collection of Proverbios de See also:gloriosa doctrina e fructuosa ensenanza was prepared for the use of See also:Don Enrique, the See also:heir-apparent. To the same didactic See also:category belong the See also:hundred and eighty stanzas entitled Didlogo de See also:Bias contra See also:Fortuna, while the Doctrinal de Privados is a See also:bitter denunciation of Alvaro de Luna. The Comedieta de See also:Ponza is a Dantesque See also:dream-See also:dialogue, in See also:octave stanzas (de arte See also:mayor), founded on the disastrous See also:sea-fight off Ponza in 1425, when the See also:kings of See also:Aragon and See also:Navarre and the See also:Infante Enrique were taken prisoners by the Genoese. The three last-named compositions are the best of Santillana's more ambitious poems, but they are deficient in the elegant simplicity of the serranillas.

These unpretentious songs are in every See also:

Spanish See also:anthology, and are See also:familiar even to uneducated Spaniards.

End of Article: SANTILLANA

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SANTINI, GIOVANNI (1787-1877)

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