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SERVITES

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Originally appearing in Volume V24, Page 698 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SERVITES , or "SERVANTS OF See also:

MARY," an See also:order under the See also:Rule of St See also:Augustine, founded in 1233. In this See also:year seven merchants of See also:Florence, recently canonized as " the seven See also:holy Founders," gave up their See also:wealth and position, and with the See also:bishop's See also:sanction established themselves as a religious community on See also:Monte Senario near Florence. They lived an austere See also:life of See also:penance and See also:prayer, and being joined by others, they were in 1240 formed into an order following the Augustinian rule supplemented by constitutions borrowed from the See also:Dominicans. Soon they were able to establish houses in various parts of See also:Italy, where within twenty-five years four provinces were formed; they also at an See also:early date founded many houses in See also:France, See also:Germany and See also:Spain, but they never came to See also:England before the See also:Reformation. The most illustrious member of the order and its See also:chief propagator and organizer was St Filippo Benizi, the fifth See also:general, who died in 1285. The order received papal approbation in 1255; in 1424 it was recognized as a Mendicant order, and in 1567 it was ranked with the four See also:great orders of Mendicant friars. The Servites undertook See also:missions in Tartary, See also:India and See also:Japan. As in the other orders there were various mitigations and relaxations of the rule, producing a variety of reforms, the chief being that of the eremitical Servites. There are at the See also:present See also:day 64 Servites houses, mostly in Italy; there are two or three in England and in See also:America. There are Servite nuns and also See also:tertiaries, founded by St Juliana Falconieri, 1305, who are widespread and devote them-selves chiefly to See also:primary See also:education. They have several convents in England. The See also:habit of the Servites is See also:black.

The chief See also:

work on the Servites is the Monumenta by Morini and Soulier, 1897, &c. See See also:Helyot, Histoire See also:des ordres religieux (1715), iii. cc. 39-41; Max Heimbucher Orden u. Kongregationen (1907), ii. § 73; Wetzer u. Welte, Kirchenlexicon (2nd ed.); See also:Herzog-Hauck Realencyklopddie (3rd ed.). The most interesting See also:part of Servite See also:history is told by P. Soulier, See also:Vie de S. Philippe Benizi (1886). (E. C.

End of Article: SERVITES

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SERVITUDE (Lat. servitus, from service, to serve)