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SIMPLE CHOLERA (synonyms, Cholera Eur...

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 263 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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SIMPLE

SIMPLE See also:
CHOLERA (from the Gr. Xo)du, tile, and Map, to flow)
CHOLERA (synonyms, Cholera Europaea, See also:
BRITISH
British Cholera, Summer or Autumnal Cholera) is the cholera of See also:

ancient medical writers, as is apparent from the accurate description of the disease given by See also:

HIPPOCRATES

Hippocrates, See also:

CELSUS (c. A.D. 178)

Celsus and Aretaeus. Its occurrence in an epidemic See also:

FORM (Lat. forma)

form was noticed by various physicians in the 16th See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, and an admirable See also:

account of the disease was subsequently given by See also:

Thomas See also:

Sydenham in 1669-167z. This disease is sometimes called Cholera Nostras, the word nostras, which is See also:

GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good Latin and used by See also:

CICERO

Cicero, meaning " be-longing to our See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country." The relations between it and See also:

ASIATIC

Asiatic cholera (see below) are obscure. Clinically they may exactly resemble each other, and See also:

BACTERIOLOGY

bacteriology has not been able to draw an See also:

ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute See also:

LINE

line between them. The real difference is epidemiological, cholera nostras having no epidemic significance. The See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief symptoms in well-marked cases are vomiting and purging occurring either together or alternately. The seizure is usually sudden and violent. The contents of the See also:

STOMACH (Gr. vrbsaxos from arbga, a mouth)

stomach are first ejected, and this is followed by severe retching and vomiting of thin fluid of bilious See also:

APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance and See also:

BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRANCIS (1867– )

bitter See also:

TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste. The See also:

DIARRHOEA (from Gr. &Q, through, pfw, flow)

diarrhoea which accompanies or succeeds the vomiting, and is likewise of bilious See also:

CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, is attended with severe griping abdominal See also:

pain, while cramps affecting the legs or arms greatly intensify the suffering. The effect upon the See also:

SYSTEM

system is rapid and alarming, a few See also:

HOURS, CANONICAL

hours of such an attack sufficing to reduce the strongest See also:

PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person to a See also:

state of extreme prostration. The See also:

SURFACE

surface of the See also:

BODY

body becomes See also:

COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold, the See also:

PULSE

pulse weak, the See also:

VOICE (Fr. voix, from Lat. vox)

voice husky, and the whole symptoms may resemble in a striking manner those of See also:

MALIGNANT (Lat. malignus, evil-disposed, from maligenus)

malignant cholera, to be subsequently described. In unfavourable cases, particularly where the disorder is epidemic, See also:

DEATH

death may result within See also:

FORTY

forty-eight hours.

Generally, however, the attack is arrested and recovery soon follows, although there may remain for a considerable See also:

time a degree of irritability of the alimentary See also:

canal, rendering necessary the utmost care in regard to See also:

DIET

diet. Attacks of this See also:

KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind are of frequent occurrence in summer and autumn in almost all countries. They appear specially liable to occur when cold and See also:

DAMP

damp alternate with See also:

HEAT (0. E. haktu, which like " hot," Old Eng. hat, is from the Teutonic type haita, hit, to be hot; cf. Ger. hitze, heiss; Dutch, hitte, heet, &c.)

heat. Occasionally the disorder prevails so extensively as to constitute an epidemic. The exciting causes of an attack are in many cases errors in diet, particularly the use of unripe See also:

FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit and new vegetables, and the excessive drinking of cold liquids during See also:

PERSPIRATION (Lat. per, through, and spirare, to breathe)

perspiration. Out-breaks of this disorder in a See also:

HOUSEHOLD, ROYAL

household or community can some-times be traced to the use of impure See also:

WATER

water, or to noxious emanations from the sewers. In the treatment, vomiting should be encouraged so See also:

long as it shows the presence of undigested See also:

food, after which opiates ought to be administered. Small See also:

OPIUM (Gr. amov, dim. from Orbs, juice)

opium pills, or See also:

Dover's See also:

POWDER (through O. Fr. puldre, modern poudre, from Lat. pulvis, pulveris, dust)

powder, or the aromatic powder of See also:

CHALK

chalk with opium, are likely to be retained in the stomach, and will generally succeed in allaying the pain and diarrhoea, while See also:

ICE (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Eis)

ice and effervescing drinks serve to quench the thirst and subdue the sickness. In aggravated cases where medicines are rejected, enemata of See also:

STARCH

starch and See also:

LAUDANUM

laudanum, or the hypodermic injection of morphia, ought to be resorted to. See also:

COUNTER

Counter-irritation by See also:

MUSTARD

mustard or See also:

TURPENTINE (in M. Eng. turbentine, adapted through the O. Fr. turbentine or terebentine from Lat. terebinthina, sc. resina, resin of the terebinth, Gr. eepiOtvOos or eippavOos)

turpentine over the See also:

ABDOMEN (a Latin word, either from abdere, to hide, or from a form adipomen, from adeps, fat)

abdomen is always of use, as is also See also:

FRICTION (from Lat. fricare, to rub)

friction with the hands where cramps are See also:

PRESENT

present. When sinking threatens, See also:

BRANDY

brandy and See also:

AMMONIA (NH3)

ammonia will be called for. During convalescence the food should be in the form of See also:

MILK (0. Eng. meoluc; from a common Indo-European root, cf. Lat. mulgere, Gr. ?t dXyetv)

milk and farinaceous diet, or See also:

LIGHT

light soups, and all indigestible articles must be carefully avoided.

In the treatment of this disease as it affects See also:

young See also:

CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children (Cholera Infantum), most reliance is to be placed on the See also:

ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration of chalk and the use of starch enemata. In their See also:

case opium in any form cannot be safely employed.

End of Article: SIMPLE CHOLERA (synonyms, Cholera Europaea, British Cholera, Summer or Autumnal Cholera)

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