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AMONTONS, GUILLAUME (1663–17o5)
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See also:AMONTONS, See also:GUILLAUME (1663–17o5) , See also:French experimental philosopher, the son of an See also:advocate who had See also:left his native See also:province of See also:Normandy and established himself at See also:Paris, was See also:born in that See also:city on the 31st of See also:August 1663. He devoted himself particularly to the improvement of See also:instruments employed in See also:physical experiments. In 1687 he presented to the See also:Academy of Sciences an See also:hygrometer of his own invention, and in 1695 he published his only See also:book, Remarques et experiences physiques sur la construction d'une nouvelle clepsydre, sur See also:les barometees, les thermometres et les hygrometres. In 1699 he published some investigations on See also:friction, and in 1702–1703 two noteworthy papers on See also:thermometry. He experimented 'with an See also:air-thermometer, in which the temperature was defined by measurement of the length of a See also:column of See also:mercury; and he pointed out thatthe extreme See also:cold of such a thermometer would be that which reduced the " See also:spring " of the air to nothing, thus being the first to recognize that the use of air as a thermometric substance led to the inference of the existence of a zero of temperature. In 1704 he noted that barometers are affected by See also:heat as well as by the See also:weight of the See also:atmosphere, and in the following See also:year he described barometers without mercury, for use at See also:sea. Amontons, who through disease was rendered almost completely See also:deaf in See also:early youth, died at Paris on the 11th of See also:October 1705. 'AMORA (See also:Hebrew for " See also:speaker " or" discourser "), a See also:title applied to the rabbis of the 2nd to 5th centuries, i.e. to the compilers of the See also:Talmud. Each tana—or See also:rabbi of the earlier period—had a spokesman, who repeated to large audiences the discourses of the See also:tana. But the 'amora soon ceased to be a See also:mere repeater, and See also:developed into an See also:original expounder of scripture and tradition. End of Article: AMONTONS, GUILLAUME (1663–17o5)Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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