Online Encyclopedia

Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.

ARCHANGEL (ARCHANGELSK)

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V02, Page 356 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
» Make a correction to this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Spread the word: del.icio.us del.icio.us it!

See also:

ARCHANGEL (ARCHANGELSK) , a See also:government of See also:European See also:Russia, bounded N. by the See also:White See also:Sea and See also:Arctic Ocean, W. by See also:Finland and See also:Olonets, S. by See also:Vologda, and E. by the Ural mountains. It comprehends the islands of Novaya-Zemlya, See also:Vaygach and See also:Kolguev, and the See also:peninsula of See also:Kola. Its See also:area is 331,505 sq. m., and its See also:population in 1867 was 275,779 and in 1897, 349,943. The See also:part which lies within the Arctic Circle is very desolate and sterile, consisting chiefly of See also:sand and See also:reindeer See also:moss. The See also:winter is See also:long and severe, and even in summer the See also:soil is frozen. The See also:rivers (Tuloma, See also:Onega, See also:Dvina; Mezen and See also:Pechora) are closed in See also:September and scarcely thaw before See also:July. The Kola peninsula is, however, diversified by hills exceeding 3000 ft. in See also:altitude and by large lakes (e.g. Imandra), and its See also:coast enjoys a much more genial See also:climate. See also:South of the Arctic Circle the greater part of the See also:country is covered with forests, intermingled with lakes and morasses, though in places there is excellent pasturage. Here the See also:spring is moist, with See also:cold, frosty nights; the summer a See also:succession of long foggy days; the autumn again moist. The rivers are closed from See also:October to See also:April. The inhabitants of the See also:northern districts—nomad tribes of See also:Samoyedes, Zyryans, Lapps, and the Finnish tribes of Karelians and Chudes—support themselves by fishing and See also:hunting.

In the See also:

southern districts See also:hemp and See also:flax are raised, but See also:grain crops are little cultivated, so that the bark of trees has often to be ground up to eke out the scanty See also:supply of See also:flour. Potatoes are grown as far See also:north as 65°. See also:Shipbuilding is carried on, and the forests yield See also:timber, See also:pitch and See also:tar. Excellent See also:cattle are raised in the See also:district of Kholmogory on the Dvina, veal being supplied to St See also:Petersburg. See also:Gold is found in the districts of Kola, See also:naphtha and See also:salt in those of Kem and Pinega, and See also:lignite in Mezen. Sulphurous springs exist in the districts of Kholmogory and Shenkursk. The See also:industry and See also:commerce are noticed below in the See also:article on the See also:town Archangel, which is the See also:capital. The government is divided into nine districts, the See also:chief towns of which are—Alexandrovsk or Kola (pop. 3oo), Archangel (q.v.), Kem (1825), Kholmogory (1465), Mezen (2040), Novaya-Zemlya (See also:island), Pechora, Pinega (r000) and Shenkursk (1308). See A. P. See also:Engelhardt, A See also:Russian See also:Province of the North (Eng. trans., by H.

See also:

Cooke, 1899).

End of Article: ARCHANGEL (ARCHANGELSK)

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
ARCHAEOPTERYX 		[next]
ARCHANGEL (ARCHANGELSx)

Site © 2006 - Net Industries