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BRUNO, SAINT

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 685 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BRUNO, See also:SAINT , founder of the See also:Carthusians, was See also:born in See also:Cologne about 1030; he was educated there and afterwards at See also:Reims and See also:Tours, where he studied under Berengar. He was ordained at Cologne, and thence, in 1057, he was recalled to Reims to become scholasticus, or See also:head of the See also:cathedral school, and overseer of the See also:schools of the See also:diocese. He was made also See also:canon and diocesan See also:chancellor. Having protested against the misdoings of a new See also:archbishop, he was deprived of all his offices and had to See also:fly for safety (1o76). On the deposition of the See also:arch-See also:bishop in xo8o, Bruno was presented by the ecclesiastical authorities to the See also:pope for the see, but See also:Philip I. of See also:France successfully opposed the See also:appointment. After this Bruno See also:left Reims and retired, with six companions, to a See also:desert among the mountains near See also:Grenoble, and there founded the Carthusian See also:order (1084). After six years See also:Urban II. called him to See also:Rome and offered him the archbishopric of Reggio; but he refused it, and withdrew to a desert in See also:Calabria, where he established two other monasteries, and died in 1101. He wrote Commentaries on the See also:Psalms and the Pauline Epistles, to be found in See also:Migne, Patr. See also:Lat. clii. and cliii.; some See also:works by namesakes have been attributed to him. His See also:Life will be found in the Boilandists' Acta Sanctorum (6th of See also:October). The best study on St Bruno's life and works is See also:Hermann See also:Label, Der Stiffer See also:des Karthauser-Ordens, 1899 (vol. v. No. i of Kirchengeschichtliche Studien," See also:Munster).

(E. C.

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