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GUINNESS , the name of a See also:family of Irish brewers. The See also:firm was founded by See also:ARTHUR GUINNESS, who about the See also:middle of the 18th See also:century owned a modest See also:brewing-plant at Leixlip, a See also:village on the upper reaches of the See also:river Liffey. In or about 1759 Arthur Guinness, seeking to extend his See also:trade, See also:purchased a small See also:porter brewery belonging to a Mr Rainsford at St See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James's See also:Gate, See also:Dublin. By careful See also:attention to the purity of his product, coupled with a shrewd See also:perception of the public See also:taste, he built up a considerable business. But his third son, See also:BENJAMIN See also:- LEE
- LEE (or LEGIT) ROWLAND (d. 1543)
- LEE, ANN (1736–1784)
- LEE, ARTHUR (1740–1792)
- LEE, FITZHUGH (1835–1905)
- LEE, GEORGE ALEXANDER (1802-1851)
- LEE, HENRY (1756-1818)
- LEE, JAMES PRINCE (1804-1869)
- LEE, NATHANIEL (c. 1653-16g2)
- LEE, RICHARD HENRY (1732-1794)
- LEE, ROBERT EDWARD (1807–1870)
- LEE, SIDNEY (1859– )
- LEE, SOPHIA (1950-1824)
- LEE, STEPHEN DILL (1833-1908)
LEE GUINNESS (1798—1868), may be regarded as the real maker of the firm, into which he was taken at an See also:early See also:age, and of which about 1825 he was given See also:sole See also:control. See also:Prior to that date the trade in Guinness's porter and stout had been confined to See also:Ireland, but Benjamin Lee Guinness at once established agencies in the See also:United See also:Kingdom, on the See also:continent, in the See also:British colonies and in See also:America. The export trade soon assumed huge proportions; the brewery was continually enlarged, and when in 1855 his See also:father died, Benjamin Lee Guinness, who in 1851 was elected first See also:lord See also:mayor of Dublin, found himself sole proprietor of the business and the richest See also:man in Ireland. Between 186o and 1865 he devoted a portion of this See also:wealth to the restoration of St See also:Patrick's See also:cathedral, Dublin. The See also:work, the progress of which he regularly superintended himself, cost £i6o,000. Benjamin Lee Guinness represented the See also:city of Dublin in See also:parliament as a Conservative from 1865 till his See also:death, and in 1867 was created a See also:baronet. He died in 1868, and was succeeded in the control of the business by See also:Sir Arthur See also:Edward Guinness (b. 1840), his eldest, and Edward See also:Cecil Guinness (b. 1847), his third, son. Sir ARTHUR EDWARD GUINNESS, who for some See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time represented Dublin in parliament, was in 188o raised to the See also:peerage as See also:Baron Ardilaun, and about the same time disposed of his See also:share in the brewery to his See also:brother Edward Cecil Guinness. In 1886 EDWARD CECIL GUINNESS disposed of the brewery, the products of which were then being sent all over the See also:world, to a limited See also:company, in which he remained the largest share-holder. Edward Cecil Guinness was created a baronet in 1885, and in 1891 was raised to the peerage as Baron Iveagh.
The Guinness family have been distinguished for their philanthropy and public munificence. Lord Ardilaun gave a recreation ground to Dublin, and the famous Muckross See also:estate at See also:Killarney to the nation. Lord Iveagh set aside £250,000 for the creation of the Guinness See also:trust (1889) for the erection and See also:maintenance of buildings for the labouring poor in See also:London and Dublin, and was a liberal benefactor to the funds of Dublin university.
End of Article: GUINNESS
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