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HIRSCH, SAMSON RAPHAEL (r8o8-1888)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 526 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HIRSCH, See also:SAMSON See also:RAPHAEL (r8o8-1888) , Jewish theologian, was See also:born in See also:Hamburg in 18o8 and died at See also:Frankfort-on-the-See also:Main in 1888. He opposed the reform tendency of Geiger (q.v.), and presented Jewish orthodoxy in a new and attractive See also:light. His philosophical conception of tradition, associated as it was with conservatism in See also:ritual practice, created what is often known as the Frankfort " Neo-Orthodoxy." Hirsch exercised a profound See also:influence on the See also:Synagogue and undoubtedly stemmed the See also:tide of liberalism. His famous Nineteen Letters (1836), with which the Neo-Orthodoxy began, were translated into See also:English by See also:Drachmann (New See also:York, 1899). Other See also:works by Hirsch were was born in See also:Kufa, but spent much of his See also:life in See also:Bagdad. Like his See also:father, on whose authority he relied largely, he collected See also:information about the genealogies and See also:history of the See also:ancient See also:Arabs. According to the Filirist (see See also:NADIM) he wrote 140 works. As See also:independent works they have almost entirely ceased to exist, but his See also:account of the genealogies of the Arabs is continually quoted in the Kitdb ul-Aghani. Large extracts from another of his works, the Kitab ul-Asnam, are contained in the Khizanat ul-Adab (iii. 242-246) and in the See also:geography of Yaqut (q.v.). These latter have been translated with comments by J. See also:Wellhausen in his Reste See also:des arabischen Heidentums (2nd ed., See also:Berlin, 1897).

(G. W.

End of Article: HIRSCH, SAMSON RAPHAEL (r8o8-1888)

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