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See also:JACOTOT, See also:JOSEPH (1770-1840) , See also:French educationist, author of the method of " emancipation intellectuelle," was See also:born
at See also:Dijon on the 4th of See also:March 1770. He was educated at the university of Dijon, where in his nineteenth See also:year he was chosen See also:professor of Latin, after which he studied See also:law, became See also:advocate, and at the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time devoted a large amount of his See also:attention to See also:mathematics. In 1788 he organized a federation of the youth of Dijon for the See also:defence of the principles of the Revolution; and in 1792, with the See also:rank of See also:captain, he set out to take See also:part in the See also:campaign of See also:Belgium, where he conducted himself with bravery and distinction. After for some time filling the See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of secretary of the " See also:commission d'organisation du mouvement See also:des armees," he in 1794 became See also:deputy of the director of the See also:Polytechnic school, and on the institution of the central See also:schools at Dijon he was appointed to the See also:chair of the " method of sciences," where he made his first experiments in that mode of tuition which he afterwards See also:developed more fully. On the central schools being replaced by other educational institutions, Jacotot occupied successively the chairs of mathematics and of See also:Roman law until the overthrow of the See also:empire. In 1815 he was elected a representative to the chamber of deputies; but after the second restoration he found it necessary to quit his native See also:land, and, having taken up his See also:residence at See also:Brussels, he was in 1818 nominated by the See also:Government teacher of the French See also:language at the university of See also:Louvain, where he perfected into a See also:system the educational principles which he had already practised with success in See also:France. His method was not only adopted in several institutions in Belgium, but also met with some approval in France, See also:England, See also:Germany and See also:Russia. It was based on three principles: (1) all men have equal intelligence; (2) every See also:man has received from See also:God the See also:faculty of being able to instruct himself; (3) everything is in everything. As regards (1) he maintained that it is only in the will to use their intelligence that men differ; and his own See also:process, depending on (3), was to give any one learning a language for the first time a See also:short passage of a few lines, and to encourage the See also:- PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)
pupil to study, first the words, then the letters, then the See also:grammar, then the meaning, until a single See also:paragraph became the occasion for learning an entire literature. After the revolution of 1830 Jacotot returned to France, and he died at See also:Paris on the 3oth of See also:July 1840.
His system was described by him in Enseignement universel, langue maternelle, Louvain and Dijon, 1823—which passed through several See also:editions—and in various other See also:works; and he also advocated his views in the See also:Journal de l'emancipation intellectuelle. For a See also:complete See also:list of his works and See also:fuller details regarding his career, see Biographie de J. Jacotot, by Achille Guillard (Paris, 186o).
End of Article: JACOTOT, JOSEPH (1770-1840)
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