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KORMOCZBANYA (German, Kremnitz)

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 913 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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KORMOCZBANYA (See also:German, Kremnitz) , an old See also:mining See also:town, in the See also:county of Bars, in See also:Hungary, 158 M. N. of See also:Budapest by See also:rail. Pop. (Iwo), 4299. It is situated in a deep valley in the Hungarian Ore Mountains region. Among its See also:principal buildings are the See also:castle, several See also:Roman See also:Catholic (from the 13th and 14th centuries) and Lutheran churches, a Franciscan monastery (founded 1634), the town-See also:hall, and the See also:mint where the celebrated Kremnitz See also:gold ducats were formerly struck. The bulk of the inhabitants find employment in connexion with the gold and silve- mines. By means of a See also:tunnel 9 m. in length, constructed in 1851-1852, the See also:water is drained off from the mines into the See also:river Gran. According to tradition, Kormoczbanya was founded in the 8th See also:century by See also:Saxons. The See also:place is mentionedin documents in 1317, and became a royal See also:free town in 1328, being therefore one of the See also:oldest free towns in Hungary. KORNER, KARL THEODOR (1791-1813), German poet and patriot, often called the German " See also:Tyrtaeus," was See also:born at See also:Dresden on the 23rd of See also:September 1791. His See also:father, See also:Christian Gottfried Korner (1756-1831), a distinguished Saxon jurist, was See also:Schiller's most intimate friend.

He was educated at the Kreuzschule in Dresden and entered at the See also:

age of seventeen the mining See also:academy at See also:Freiburg in See also:Saxony, where he remained two years. Here he occupied himself less with See also:science than with See also:verse, a collection of which appeared under the See also:title Knospen in 18ro. In this See also:year he went to the university of See also:Leipzig, in See also:order to study See also:law; but he became involved in a serious conflict with the See also:police and was obliged to continue his studies in See also:Berlin. In See also:August 1811 Korner went to See also:Vienna, where he devoted himself entirely to See also:literary pursuits; he became engaged to the actress Antonie Adamberger, and, after the success of several plays produced in 1812, he was appointed poet to the Hofburgtheater. When the German nation See also:rose against the See also:French yoke, in 18r3, Korner gave up all his prospects at Vienna and joined See also:Lutzow's famous See also:corps of See also:volunteers at See also:Breslau. On his See also:march to Leipzig he passed through Dresden, where he issued his spirited Aufruf an See also:die Sachsen, in which he called upon his countrymen to rise against their oppressors. He became See also:lieutenant towards the end of See also:April, and took See also:part in a skirmish at Kitzen near Leipzig on the 7th of See also:June, when he was severely wounded. After being nursed by See also:friends at Leipzig and See also:Carlsbad, he rejoined his corps and See also:fell in an engagement outside a See also:wood near Gadebusch in See also:Mecklenburg on the 26th of August 1813. He was buried by his comrades under an See also:oak See also:close to the See also:village of Wobbelin, where there is a See also:monument to him. The abiding See also:interest in Korner is patriotic and See also:political rather than literary. His fame as a poet rests upon his patriotic lyrics, which were published by his father under the title Leier and Schwert in 1814. These songs, which fired the poet's comrades to deeds of heroism in 1813, See also:bear eloquent testimony to the intensity of the See also:national feeling against See also:Napoleon, but judged as literature they contain more bombast than See also:poetry.

Among the best known are " Lutzow's See also:

wilde verwegene Jagd," " Gebet wahrend der Schlacht " (set to See also:music by See also:Weber) and " Das Schwertlied." This last was written immediately before his See also:death, and the last See also:stanza added on the fatal See also:morning. As a dramatist Korner was remarkably prolific, but his comedies hardly See also:touch the level of See also:Kotzebue's and his tragedies, of which the best is Zriny (1814), are rhetorical imitations of Schiller's. His See also:works have passed through many See also:editions. Among the mpre See also:recent are: Samlliche Werke (See also:Stuttgart, 1890), edited by Adolf Stern; by H. Zimmer (2 vols., Leipzig, 1893) and by E. Goetze (Berlin, 1900). The most valuable contributions to our knowledge of the poet have been furnished by E. Peschel, the founder and director of the Korner Museum in Dresden, in Theodor Korners Tagebuch and Kriegslieder, aus dem Jahre 1813 (Freiburg, 1893) and, in See also:conjunction with E. Wildenow, Theodor Korner and die Seinen (Leipzig, 1898).

End of Article: KORMOCZBANYA (German, Kremnitz)

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