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MANLIUS

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Originally appearing in Volume V17, Page 587 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MANLIUS , the name of a See also:

Roman gens, chiefly patrician, but containing plebeian families also. I. See also:MARCUS MANLIUS CAPITOLINUS, a patrician, C0nsul392 B.C. According to tradition, when in 390 B.C. the besieging Gauls were attempting to See also:scale the Capitol, he was roused by the cackling of the sacred geese, rushed to the spot and threw down the foremost assailants (See also:Livy v. 47; See also:Plutarch, See also:Camillus, 27). Several years after, seeing a See also:centurion led to See also:prison for See also:debt, he freed him with his own See also:money, and even sold his See also:estate to relieve other poor debtors, while he accused the See also:senate of embezzling public money. He was charged with aspiring to kingly See also:power, and condemned by the See also:comitia, but not until the See also:assembly had adjourned to a See also:place without the walls, where they could no longer see the Capitol which he had saved. His See also:house on the Capitol (the origin of his surname) was razed, and the Manlii resolved that henceforth no patrician Manlius should See also:bear the name of Marcus, According to See also:Mommsen, the See also:story of the saving of the Capitol was a later invention to explain his surname, and his See also:attempt to relieve the debtors a fiction of the times of See also:Cinna. Livy vi. 14-20; Plutarch, Camillus, 36; See also:Cicero, De domo, 38. 2. See also:TITUS MANLIUS IMPERIOSUS TORQUATUS, twice See also:dictator (353, 349 B.C.) and three times See also:consul (347, 344, 340).

When his See also:

father, L. Manlius Imperiosus (dictator 363), was brought to trial by the See also:tribune M. See also:Pomponius for abusing his See also:office of dictator, he forced Pomponius to drop the See also:accusation by threatening his See also:life (Livy vii. 3-5). In 36o, during a See also:war with the Gauls, he slew one of the enemy, a See also:man of gigantic stature, in single combat, and took from him a torques (See also:neck-See also:ornament), whence his surname. When the Latins demanded an equal See also:share in the See also:government of the confederacy, Manlius vowed to kill with his own See also:hand the first Latin he saw in the senate-house. The Latins and Campanians revolted, and Manlius, consul for the third See also:time, marched into See also:Campania and gained. two See also:great victories, near See also:Vesuvius, where P. See also:Decius See also:Mus (q.v.), his colleague, " devoted " himself in See also:order to gain the See also:day, and at Trifanum. In this See also:campaign Manlius executed his own son, who had killed an enemy in single combat, and thus disobeyed the See also:express command of the consuls. Livy vii. 4, 10, 27, viii. 3; Cicero, De off. iii.

31. 3. TITUS MANLIUS TORQUATUS, consul 235 B.C. and 224, See also:

censor 231, dictator 208. In his first consulship he subjugated See also:Sardinia, recently acquired from the Carthaginians, when the See also:temple of See also:Janus was shut for the second time in Roman See also:history (Livy i. 19). In 216 he opposed the ransoming of the See also:Romans taken prisoners at See also:Cannae; and in 215 he was sent to Sardinia and defeated a Carthaginian attempt to regain See also:possession of the See also:island. Livy See also:xxiii. 34; See also:Polybius ii. 31. 4. GNAEUS MANLIUS VULSO, See also:praetor 195, consul 189. He was sent to See also:Asia to conclude See also:peace with See also:Antiochus III., See also:king of See also:Syria.

He marched into See also:

Pamphylia, defeated the Celts of See also:Galatia on Mt See also:Olympus and drove them back across the Halys. In the See also:winter, assisted by ten delegates sent from See also:Rome, he settled the terms of peace with Antiochus, and in 187 received the See also:honour of a See also:triumph. Polybius xxii. 16-25; Livy xxxviii. 12-28, 37-50; xxxix. 6.

End of Article: MANLIUS

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