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PODOPHYLLIN , a See also:drug obtained from the rhizome of the See also:American See also:mandrake or may See also:apple, Podophyllum peltatum, an herbaceous perennial belonging to the natural See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order Berberidaceae, indigenous in See also:woods in See also:Canada and the See also:United States. The plant is about , ft. high, bearing two peitate, deeply-divided leaves, which are about 5 in. in See also:diameter, and See also:bear in the axil a solitary, stalked, See also:- WHITE
- WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
- WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
- WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
- WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
- WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
- WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
- WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
- WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
- WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
- WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
- WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)
white See also:flower, about the See also:size and shape of the See also:garden See also:anemone, with six or more petals and twice as many hypogynous stamens. The See also:fruit is ripe in See also:July, and is an See also:oval, yellowish, fleshy See also:berry, containing twelve or more seeds, each surrounded by a pulpy See also:outer coat or aril. The rhizome, as met with in See also:commerce, occurs in cylindrical pieces 2 or 3 in. See also:long and about 4 in. in diameter, of a See also:chocolate or purplish-See also:- BROWN
- BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
- BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
- BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
- BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
- BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
- BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
- BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
- BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
- BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
- BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
- BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
- BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
- BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
- BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
- BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
- BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
- BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
- BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
- BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
- BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
- BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
- BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)
brown See also:colour, smooth, and slightly enlarged where the juncture of the leafy See also:stem is indicated by a circular scar on the upper and a few broken rootlets on the under See also:side. The odour is heavy and disagreeable, and the See also:taste acrid and See also:bitter.
Podophyllin is a resinous See also:powder obtained by precipitating an alcoholic See also:tincture of the rhizome by means of See also:water acidulated with hydrochloric See also:acid. It varies in colour from greyish to See also:bright yellow or greenish-brown, the first-named being the purest. The powder is soluble in See also:alcohol and strong solutions of alkalis, such as See also:ammonia. Its See also:composition is somewhat complex. There are certainly at least two resins in the powder (which is known officially as Podophylli resina), one of them being soluble and the other insoluble in See also:ether. Each of these contains an active substance, which can be obtained in crystalline foi m, and is known as podophyllotoxin. It is soluble in alcohol, ether, See also:chloroform and boiling water. Alkalis decompose it into picro-podophyllic acid and picro-podophyllin, See also:minute traces of both of which occur in a See also:free See also:state in the rhizome. The acid is inert, but picro-podophyllin is the active principle. It is a crystalline See also:body, soluble only in concentrated alcohol. Hence the inutility of the pharmacopeial tinctura podophylli, which cannot be diluted before See also:administration. The properties of podophyllin See also:resin vary with the reaction of the See also:tissue with which it is in contact; where this is acid the drug is inert, the picro-podophyllin being precipitated.
The resin does not affect the unbroken skin, but may be absorbed from a raw See also:surface, and will then cause purging. When taken internally it is both a secretory and an excretory cholagogue, but so irritant and powerful that its use in cases of See also:jaundice is generally undesirable. Its value, however, in certain cases of See also:constipation of hepatic origin is undeniable. It is largely used in patent medicines, usually as an See also:auxiliary to aloes. The best method of prescribing podophyllin is in pill See also:form. In toxic doses podophyllin causes intense See also:enteritis, with all its characteristic symptoms, and severe depression, which may end in See also:death. The treatment is symptomatic, there being no specific antidote.
End of Article: PODOPHYLLIN
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