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Turks during nearly the whole of his reign, his successes were numerous, and he acquired, or regained, a large extent of territory. By the victory he gained at Bassora in 1605 he ex-tended his See also:

EMPIRE

empire beyond the See also:

EUPHRATES (Babylon. Purattu, Heb. Perath, Arab. Frdt or Furst, Old Pers. Ufratu, Gr. Eb4 parrls)

Euphrates; See also:

SULTAN (an Arabic word meaning " victorious " or " a ruler," sultat, dominion)

sultan Ahmed I. was forced to cede See also:

SHIRVAN

Shirvan and See also:

KURDISTAN

Kurdistan in 1611; the See also:

UNITED

united armies of the Turks and See also:

TATARS (the common form Tartars is less correct)

Tatars were completely defeated near Sultanieh in 1618, and Abbas made See also:

peace on very favourable terms; and on the Turks renewing the See also:

war, See also:

BAGDAD, or BAGHDAD

Bagdad See also:

fell into his hands after a See also:

YEAR

year's See also:

SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege in 1623. In 1622 he took the See also:

ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of Ormuz from the Portuguese, by the assistance of the See also:

BRITISH

British, and much of its See also:

trade was diverted to the See also:

TOWN

town of Bander-Abbasi, which was named after the shah. When he died, his dominions reached from the See also:

TIGRIS (Old Persian Tigrd, Diklat of the cuneiform inscriptions, Hiddekel of the Old Testament, Diglath of the Targum, Digla of the Arabs)

Tigris to the See also:

INDUS

Indus. Abbas distinguished himself, not only by his successes in arms, and by the magnificence of his See also:

court and of the buildings which he erected, but also by his re-forms in the See also:

ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration of his See also:

KINGDOM

kingdom.

He encouraged See also:

commerce, and, by constructing highways and See also:

BUILDING

building See also:

bridges, did much to facilitate it. To foreigners, especially Christians, he showed a spirit of tolerance; two Englishmen, See also:

Sir See also:

Anthony and Sir See also:

Robert See also:

Shirley, or Sherley, were admitted to his confidence. His fame is tarnished, however, by numerous deeds of tyranny and See also:

CRUELTY (through the O. Fr. crualte, mod. cruaute, from the Lat. crudelitas)

cruelty. His own See also:

FAMILY

family, especially, suffered from his fits of See also:

JEALOUSY (adapted from Fr. jalousie, formed from jaloux, jealous, Low Lat. zelosus, Gr. j'i os, ardour, zeal, from the root seen in '&u', to boil, ferment; cf. " yeast ")

jealousy; his eldest son was slain, and the eyes of his other See also:

CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children were put out, by his orders. See The Three See also:

BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

Brothers, or Travels of Sir Anthony, Sir Robert Sherley, &c. (See also:

LONDON

London, 1825) ; Sir C. R. See also:

Markham, General See also:

SKETCH (directly adapted from Dutch schets, which was taken from Ital. schizzo, a rough draft, Lat. schedium, something hastily made, Gr. oxE&os, sudden, off-hand, axeb6v, near by; Ger. Skizze and Fr. esquisse are from the same source)

Sketch of the See also:

HISTORY

History of Persia (London, 1874).

End of Article: ABBAS I

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ABBADIE, JAKOB (1654?–1727)

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