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BAHAWALPUR, or BHAWALPUR

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 210 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BAHAWALPUR, or BHAWALPUR , a native See also:state of See also:India, within the See also:Punjab, stretching for more than 300 M. along the See also:left See also:bank of the See also:Sutlej, the Punjnud and the See also:Indus. It is bounded on the N. and E. by See also:Sind and the Punjab, and on the S. by the See also:Rajputana See also:desert. It is the See also:principal See also:Mahommedan state in the Punjab, ranking second only to See also:Patiala. See also:Edward See also:Thornton thus described the See also:general aspect of the state: " Bahawalpur is a remarkably level See also:country, there being no considerable See also:eminence within its limits, as the occasional See also:sand-hills, seldom exceeding 5o or 6o ft. in height, cannot be considered exceptions. The cultivable See also:part extends along the See also:river See also:line for a distance of about to m. in breadth from the left or eastern bank. In the sandy part of the desert beyond this See also:strip of fertility both men and beasts, leaving the beaten path, sink as if in loose See also:snow. Here, too, the sand is raised into ever-changing hills by the force of the See also:wind sweeping over it. In those parts of the desert which have a hard level See also:soil of See also:clay, a few stunted mimosas, acacias and other shrubs are produced, together with See also:rue, various See also:bitter and aromatic See also:plants, and occasionally tufts of grass. Much of the soil of the desert appears to be alluvial; there are numerous traces of streams having formerly passed over it, and still, where See also:irrigation is at all practicable, fertility in the clayey See also:tract follows; but the rains are scanty, the See also:wells few and generally See also:ioo ft. deep or more." The See also:area covers 15,918 sq. m.; pop. (1901) 720,877, showing an increase of 11 % on the previous See also:decade; estimated See also:gross See also:revenue, 146,700; there is no See also:tribute. The See also:chief, whose See also:title is See also:nawab, is a Mahommedan of the Daudputra See also:family from Sind, and claims descent from Abbas, See also:uncle of, the See also:Prophet. The See also:dynasty established its See also:independence of the Afghans towards the end of the 18th See also:century, and made a treaty with the See also:British in 1838 to which it has always been loyal.

The benefits of See also:

canal irrigation were introduced in the 'seventies, and the revenue thus doubled. The territory is traversed throughout its length by the See also:North-Western and See also:Southern Punjab See also:railways. There are an arts See also:college and Anglo-See also:vernacular See also:schools. The See also:town of Bahawalpur is situated near the left bank of the Sutlej, and has a railway station 65 m. from Mooltan. It has a magnificent See also:palace, which is visible from far across the See also:Bikanir desert; it was built in 1882 by Nawab Sadik Mahommed See also:Khan. Pop. (1901) 18,546.

End of Article: BAHAWALPUR, or BHAWALPUR

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