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volcano, and its eruptions and earthquakes have frequently brought destruction, as notably in 1852, when the damage was chiefly due to a huge See also:

WAVE

wave of the sea. Banda, the chief See also:

TOWN

town, on Neira, is a pleasant See also:

settlement, commanded by two Dutch forts of the See also:

early 17th See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, See also:

NASSAU

Nassau and Belgica. The largest island, Lontor, was found too unhealthy to be the site of the See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal settlement; but the See also:

CLIMATE

climate of the islands generally, though hot, is not unhealthy. In the space between Lontor, Neira and Gunong Api there is a See also:

GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour, with entrances on either See also:

side, which enable vessels to enter on either of the monsoons. Between Gunong Api and Neira there is a third channel, but it is navigable for small vessels only. The principal articles of See also:

commerce in the Banda group are nutmegs and See also:

MACE (Fr. masse, O. Fr. mace, connected with Lat.'ntateola, a mallet)

mace. The See also:

NUTMEG (from " nut," and O. Fr. mugue, musk, Lat. muscus)

nutmeg is indigenous.

The native See also:

POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population having been cleared off by the Dutch, the plantations were worked by slaves and convicts till the emancipation of 1860. The introduction of See also:

MALAY

Malay and See also:

CHINESE, JAPANESE AND

Chinese labourers subsequently took See also:

PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place. The plantations (perken) were originally held by the conquerors of the natives, the See also:

government monopolizing the produce at a fixed See also:

RATE

rate; but in 1873 the government See also:

MONOPOLY (Gr. govomeXla or govoircaXwv, exclusive sale, from govds, alone, and irwXeiv, to sell)

monopoly was abolished. The See also:

PRODUCTION (Lat. productionem, from producere, to pro-duce)

production. amounts annually to nearly 1,500,000 lb of nutmegs, and 350,000 lb of mace. The nutmegs are grown, in accordance with natural conditions, under the shade of other trees, usually the canari. Jalti or jatti See also:

wood is cultivated on the small island of Rosingen. The total population of the islands is about 9500, of which some 7000 are descendants of the natives introduced as slaves from neighbouring islands, and are Christians or Mahommedans. The Banda Islands were discovered and annexed by the Portuguese See also:

Antonio D'Abreu in 1512; but in the beginning of the 17th century his countrymen were expelled by the Dutch. In 16o8 the See also:

BRITISH

British built a factory on Wai, which was demolished by the Dutch as soon as the See also:

ENGLISH

English See also:

VESSEL (O. Fr. vaissel, from a rare Lat. vascellum, dim. of vas, vase, urn)

vessel See also:

LEFT

left. Shortly after, however, Banda Neira and Lontor were resigned by the natives to the British, and in 1620 Run and Wai were added to their dominions; but in spite of See also:

TREATIES

treaties into which they had entered the Dutch attacked and expelled their British rivals. In 1654 they were compelled by See also:

Cromwell to restore Run, and to make See also:

SATISFACTION (Lat. salisfacerc, to satisfy)

satisfaction for the See also:

MASSACRE

massacre of Amboyna; but the English settlers not being adequately supported from See also:

home, the island was retaken by the Dutch in 1664. They remained in undisturbed See also:

possession until 1796, when the Banda Islands were taken by the British.

They were restored by the treaty of See also:

AMIENS

Amiens in the See also:

YEAR

year 1800, again captured, and finally restored by the treaty of See also:

Paris concluded in 1814.

End of Article: BANDA ISLANDS

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