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BONHEUR [MARIE ROSALIE], ROSA (1822-1...

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 205 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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BONHEUR [MARIE ROSALIE], ROSA (1822-1899)

BONHEUR [See also:
MARIE
MARIE ROSALIE], See also:
ROSA, CARL AUGUST NICHOLAS (1843-1889)
ROSA, MONTE
ROSA, SALVATOR (1615-1673)
ROSA (1822-1899) , See also:

French painter, was See also:

BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

BORDEAUX

Bordeaux on the 22nd of See also:

March 1822. She was of Jewish origin. Jacques Wiener, the Belgian medallist, a native of Venloo, says that he and See also:

RAYMOND, HENRY JARVIS (1820-1869)

Raymond Bonheur, Rosa's See also:

FATHER

father, used to attend See also:

synagogue in that See also:

TOWN

town; while another authority asserts that Rosa used to be known in See also:

COMMON

common parlance by the name of Rosa Mazeltov (a See also:

HEBREW

Hebrew See also:

TERM

term for " See also:

GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

LUCK

luck," Gallia Bonheur). She was the eldest of four See also:

CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children, all of whom were artists—Auguste (1824–1884) painted animals and landscape; Juliette (1830–1891) was " honourably mentioned " at the See also:

EXHIBITION

exhibition of 1855; Isidore, born in 1827, was a sculptor of animals. Rosa at an See also:

early See also:

AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age was taught to draw by her ' See also:

ANNALS (Annales, from annus, a year)

Annals and Mug. Nat. His'. vol. x. (seventh See also:

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series), p. 309. father (who died in 1849), and he, perceiving her very remarkable See also:

TALENT (Lat. talentum, adaptation of Gr. TaXavrov, balance, ! Recollections of a First Visit to the Alps (1841); Vacation Rambles weight, from root raX-, to lift, as in rXi vac, to bear, 1-aXas, and Thoughts, comprising recollections of three Continental

talent, permitted her to abandon the business of dressmaking, to which, much against her will, she had been put, in See also:

order to devote herself wholly to See also:

art. From 1840 to 1845 she exhibited at the See also:

SALON

salon, and five times received a See also:

PRIZE, or PRIZE OF WAR (Fr. prise, from prendre, to take)

prize; in 1848 a See also:

MEDAL (Fr. medaille, from Lat. metallum)

medal was awarded to her. Her fame See also:

DATES

dates more especially from the exhibition of 1855; from that See also:

time Rosa Bonheur's See also:

WORKS

works were much sought after in See also:

England, where collectors and public galleries competed eagerly for them.

What is chiefly remark-able and admirable in her See also:

WORK

work is that, like her contemporary, Jacques Raymond See also:

BRASCASSAT, JACQUES RAYMOND (1804–1867)

Brascassat (1804–1867), she represents animals as they really are, as she saw them in the See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country. Her See also:

GIFT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. die Gift, gift, das Gift, poison, formed from the Teut. stem gab-, to give, cf. Dutch geven, Ger. geben; in O. Eng. the word appears with initial y, the guttural of later English is due to Scandinavian influence)

gift of accurate observation was, however, allied to a certain dryness of See also:

style in See also:

PAINTING

painting; she often failed to give a perfect sense of See also:

ATMOSPHERE (Gr. fir µ6r, vapour; orkaipa, a sphere)

atmosphere. On the other See also:

hand, the See also:

anatomy of her animals is always faultlessly true. There is nothing feminine in her handling; her treatment is always manly and See also:

FIRM

firm. Of her many works we may See also:

note the following: " Ploughing in the See also:

NIVERNAIS, LOUIS CHARLES BARBON MANCINI MAZARINI

Nivernais " (1848), in the Luxembourg See also:

GALLERY (through Ital. galleria, from Med. Lat. galeria, of which the origin is unknown)

gallery; " The See also:

HORSE (a word common to Teutonic languages in such forms as hors, hros, ros; cf. the Ger. ross)

Horse See also:

FAIR

Fair " (1853), one of the two replicas of which is in the See also:

NATIONAL

National Gallery, See also:

LONDON

London, the See also:

ORIGINAL

original being in the See also:

UNITED

United States; and " See also:

Hay See also:

HARVEST (A.S. hcerfest " autumn," O.H. Ger. herbist, possibly through an old Teutonic root representing Lat. car pere, " to pluck ")

Harvest in See also:

AUVERGNE

Auvergne " (1855). She was decorated with the See also:

LEGION (Lat. legio)

Legion of See also:

HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

Honour by the empress Eug€nie, and was subsequently promoted to the See also:

RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of " officer " of the order. After 1867 Rosa Bonheur exhibited but once in the salon, in 1899, a few See also:

WEEKS, EDWIN LORD (1849-1903)

weeks before her See also:

DEATH

death. She lived quietly at her country See also:

house at By, near See also:

FONTAINEBLEAU

Fontainebleau, where for some years she had held gratuitous classes for See also:

DRAWING

drawing. She See also:

LEFT

left at her death a considerable number of pictures, studies, drawings and etchings, which were sold by'See also:

AUCTION

auction in See also:

Paris in the See also:

SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring of 1900. (H.

End of Article: BONHEUR [MARIE ROSALIE], ROSA (1822-1899)

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