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BOUTERWEK, FRIEDRICH (1766-1828)

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 335 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BOUTERWEK, See also:FRIEDRICH (1766-1828) , See also:German philosopher and critic, was See also:born at Oker, near See also:Goslar in See also:Lower See also:Saxony, and studied See also:law at See also:Gottingen. From 1790, however, he became a See also:disciple of See also:Kant, published Aphorismen nach Kants Lehre vorgelegt (1793), and became See also:professor of See also:philosophy at Gottingen (1802), where he died on the 9th of See also:August 1828. As a philosopher, he is interesting for his See also:criticism of the theory of the " thing-in-itself " (Ding-an-sick). For the pure See also:reason, as described in the Kritik,• the " thing-in-itself " can be only an inconceivable " something-in-See also:general "; any statement about it involves the See also:predication of Reality, Unity and See also:Plurality, which belong not to the See also:absolute thing but to phenomena. On the other See also:hand, the subject is known by the fact of will, and the See also:object by that of resistance; the See also:cognizance of willing is the assertion of absolute reality in the domain of relative knowledge. This See also:doctrine has since been described as absolute Virtualism. Following this See also:train of thought, Bouterwek See also:left the Kantian position through his opposition to its formalism. In later See also:life he inclined to the views of F. H. See also:Jacobi, whose letters to him (published at Gottingen, 1868) See also:shed much See also:light on the development of his thought. His See also:chief philosophical See also:works are Ideen zu einer all gemeinen Apodiktik (Gottingen and See also:Halle, 1799) ; Aesthetik (See also:Leipzig, 18o6; Gottingen, 1815 and 1824); Lehrbuch der philos. Vorkenntnisse (Gottin.gen, 1810 and 1820); Lehrbuch der philos.

Wissenschaften (Gottingen, 1813 and 1820). In these works he dissociated himself from the Kantian school. His chief See also:

critical See also:work was the Geschichte der neuern Poesie and Beredsamkeit (Gottingen, 12 vols., 1801-1819), of which the See also:history of See also:Spanish literature has been published separately in See also:French, Spanish and See also:English. The Geschichte is a work of wide learning and generally See also:sound criticism, but it is not of equal merit throughout. He also wrote three novels, See also:Paulus Septimus (Halle, 1795), See also:Graf Donamar (Gottingen, 1791) and Ramiro (Leipzig, 1804), and published a collection of poems (Gottingen, 1802).

End of Article: BOUTERWEK, FRIEDRICH (1766-1828)

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