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BOUSSINGAULT, JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH DI...

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 335 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BOUSSINGAULT, See also:JEAN See also:BAPTISTE See also:JOSEPH DIEUDONNE (1802-1887) , See also:French chemist, was See also:born in See also:Paris on the 2nd of See also:February 1802. After studying at the school of mines at See also:Saint-See also:Etienne he went, when little more than twenty years old, to See also:South See also:America as a See also:mining engineer on behalf of an See also:English See also:company. During the insurrection of the See also:Spanish colonies he was attached to the See also:staff of See also:General See also:Bolivar, and travelled widely in the See also:northern parts of the See also:continent. Returning to See also:France he became See also:professor of See also:chemistry at See also:Lyons, and in 1839 was appointed to the See also:chair of agricultural and See also:analytical chemistry at the See also:Conservatoire See also:des Arts et Metiers in Paris. In 1848 he was elected to the See also:National See also:Assembly, where he sat as a Moderate republican. Three years later he was dismissed from his professorship on See also:account of his See also:political opinions, but so much resentment at this See also:action was shown by scientific men in general, and especially by his colleagues, who threatened to resign in a See also:body, that he was reinstated. He died in Paris on the nth of May 1887. His first papers were concerned with mining topics, and his sojourn in South America yielded a number of See also:miscellaneous See also:memoirs, on the cause of See also:goitre in the Cordilleras, the gases of volcanoes, earthquakes, tropical See also:rain, &c., which won the See also:commendation of A. von See also:Humboldt. From 1836 he devoted himself mainly to agricultural chemistry and See also:animal and See also:vegetable See also:physiology, with occasional excursions into See also:mineral chemistry. His See also:work included papers on the quantity of See also:nitrogen in different foods, the amount of See also:gluten in different wheats, investigations on the question whether See also:plants can assimilate See also:free nitrogen from the See also:atmosphere (which he answered in the negative), the respiration of plants, the See also:function of their leaves, the action and value of See also:manures, and other similar subjects. Through his wife he had a See also:share in an See also:estate at Bechebronn in See also:Alsace, where he carried out many agricultural experiments. He collaborated with J.

B. A. See also:

Dumas in See also:writing an Essai de statique chimique des etres organises (1841), and was the author of Traite d'economie rurale (1844), which was remodelled as Agronomie, chimie agricole, et physiologic (5 vols., 186o-1874; 2nd ed., 1884), and of Etudes sur la transformation du fer en acier (1875).

End of Article: BOUSSINGAULT, JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH DIEUDONNE (1802-1887)

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