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CANDIA
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CANDIA , formerly the See also:capital and still the most populous See also:city of See also:Crete (q.v.), to which it has given its name. It is situated on the See also:northern See also:shore somewhat nearer the eastern than the western end of the See also:island, in 3 5° 20' N. See also:lat. and 25° q' E. See also:long. It is still surrounded by its extensive Venetian fortifications; but they have fallen into disrepair, and a See also:good See also:part of the See also:town is in a dilapidated See also:condition, mainly from the effects of earthquakes. The See also:principal buildings are the Venetian loggia (barbarously mutilated by the new regime), the Konak (now Prefecture), the mosques, which are fourteen in number, the new See also:cathedral,
901-1904.
1896-1900.
1886-1890.
1881-1885.
1876-1880.
1871-1875.
631
1891-1895.
711
800
547
E86i
445
493
See also:Statistics
of See also:cancer.
the two See also:Greek churches, the Armenian See also: There are also some beautiful Venetian fountains. The town is the seat of a Greek See also:archbishop. A highly interesting museum has been formed here containing the antiquities found during the See also:recent excavations. The See also:chief See also:trade is in oil and See also:soap, both of which are of excellent quality. The See also:coasting trade, which is of considerable importance, is mainly carried on in See also:Turkish vessels. The manufacture of See also:leather for See also:home See also:consumption is an extensive See also:industry, and See also:wine of good quality is produced in the neighbourhood. The See also:harbour, which had grown almost inaccessible, was deepened by Mustapha See also:Pasha between 1820 and 184o. It is formed for the most part by the See also:ancient moles, and was never deep enough to admit the larger vessels even of the Venetians, which were accustomed to See also:anchor in the See also:port of the neighbouring island of Standia. A See also:short distance from St See also:George's•Gate there was a small See also:village exclusively inhabited by lepers, who numbered about seventy families, but they have now been transported to Spinalonga. The See also:population of the town is estimated at from 15,000 to 18,000, about See also:half being See also:Mahommedan Greeks. The site of Candia, or, as it was till lately locally known, Megalo See also:Castro (the See also:Great Fortress), has been supposed to correspond with that of the ancient Heracleion, the seaport of See also:Cnossus, and this appellation has now been officially revived by its Greek inhabitants. The ruins of Cnossus are situated at the distance of about 3 m. to the See also:south-See also:east at the village of Makryteichos or Long See also:Wall. Founded by the See also:Saracens in the 9th See also:century, Candia was fortified by the Genoese in the 12th, and was greatly extended and strengthened by the Venetians in the i3th, 14th and 15th centuries. It was besieged by the See also:Turks under the See also:vizier Achmet in 1667; and, in spite of a most heroic See also:defence, in which the Venetians lost 30,000 in killed and wounded, it was forced to surrender in 1669. Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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