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EUNOMIUS (d. c. 393)

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Originally appearing in Volume V09, Page 890 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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EUNOMIUS (d. c. 393) , one of the leaders of the extreme or "anomoean" Arians, who are sometimes accordingly called Eunomians, was See also:born at Dacora in See also:Cappadocia See also:early in the 4th See also:century. He studied See also:theology at See also:Alexandria under See also:Aetius, and afterwards came under the See also:influence of Eudoxius of See also:Antioch, where he was ordained See also:deacon. On the recommendation of Eudoxius he was appointed See also:bishop of See also:Cyzicus in 36o. Here his See also:free utterance of extreme Arian views led to popular complaints, and Eudoxius was compelled, by command of the See also:emperor, See also:Constantius II., to depose him from the bishopric within a See also:year of his See also:elevation to it. During the reigns of Julianand See also:Jovian, Eunomius resided in See also:Constantinople in See also:close inter-course with Aetius, consolidating an heretical party and consecrating schismatical bishops. He then went to live at See also:Chalcedon, whence in 367 he was banished to See also:Mauretania for harbouring. the See also:rebel See also:Procopius. He was recalled, however, before he reached his destination. In 383 the emperor See also:Theodosius, who had demanded a See also:declaration of faith from all party leaders, punished Eunomius for continuing to See also:teach his distinctive doctrines, by banishing him to Halmyris in See also:Moesia. He after-wards resided at ChaIcedon and at Caesarea in Cappadocia, from which he was expelled by the inhabitants for See also:writing against their bishop See also:Basil. His last days were spent at Dacora his See also:birth-See also:place, where he died about 393. His writings were held in high reputation by his party, and their influence was so much dreaded by the orthodox, that more than one imperial See also:edict was issued for their destruction (See also:Cod.

Theod. xvi. 34). Consequently his commentary on the See also:

epistle to the See also:Romans, mentioned by the historian See also:Socrates, and his epistles, mentioned by Philostorgius and See also:Photius, are no longer extant. His first apologetical See also:work ('A7roXo'y rta6s), written probably about 36o or 365, has been entirely recovered from the celebrated refutation of it by Basil, and may be found in J. A. See also:Fabricius, Bibl. Gr. viii. pp. 262-305. A second See also:apology, written before 379 (`Trip aro)oyias aroXo'yia), exists only in the quotations given from it in a refutation by See also:Gregory of Nyssa. The exposition of faith ("EKBartr T1]s rL rEwc), called forth by the demand of Theodosius, is still extant, and has been edited by Valesius in his notes to Socrates, and by Ch. H. G..

Rettberg in his Marcelliana. The teaching of the Anomoean school, led by Aetius and Eunomius, starting from the conception of See also:

God as 6 ayivvijros, argued that between the ayEvvl7Tor and yEVVgros there could be no essential, but at best only a moral, resemblance. " As the Unbegotten, God is an absolutely See also:simple being; an See also:act of See also:generation would involve a See also:contradiction of His essence by introducing duality into the Godhead." According to Socrates (v. 24), Eunomius carried his views to a See also:practical issue by altering the baptismal See also:formula. Instead of baptizing in the name of the Trinity, he baptized in the name of the Creator and into the See also:death of See also:Christ. This alteration was regarded by the orthodox as so serious that Eunomians on returning to the See also:church were rebaptized, though the Arians were not. The Eunomian See also:heresy was formally condemned by the See also:council of Constantinople in 381. The See also:sect maintained a See also:separate existence for some See also:time, but gradually See also:fell away owing to See also:internal divisions. See C. R. W. Klose, Geschichte and Lehre See also:des Eumonius (See also:Kiel, 1833) ; F.

Loofs in Hauck-See also:

Herzog, Realencyk. See also:fur prot. Theol. ; See also:Whiston's Eunomianismus redivivus contains an See also:English See also:translation of the first apology. See also See also:ARIUS.

End of Article: EUNOMIUS (d. c. 393)

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