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F7A See also:Tertiary 1MdB Carboniferous EN Volcanic Rocks Cretaceous. lncluaes rriossio dejioeadJe;0 nm yet Seperatete Arebnean A Aletamo,phio o Active Volcanoes See also:Jurassic See also:Aegean See also:Sea and its See also:apex in See also:Servia. On two sides this See also:area is bordered by belts of folded beds which See also:form on the See also:west the See also:mountain ranges of the Adriatic and Ionian coasts, and on the See also:north the See also:chain of the Balkans. Finally, beyond the Balkans lies the See also:great Rumanian depression, occupied chiefly by undisturbed Cretaceous and Tertiary strata. The central region, although wedged in between two belts of folding, is not affected by the folds of either, excepting near its margins. It consists largely of crystalline and schistose rocks. The core is formed by the mountain masses of Rhodope, Belasitza, Perin and Rila: and here Palaeozoic and Mesozoic beds are absent, and the earliest sedimentary deposits belong to the Tertiary See also:period and See also:lie See also:flat upon the crystalline rocks. Upon the margins, however, Cretaceous beds are found. The eastern parts of See also:Greece are composed almost entirely of Cretaceous beds, but nevertheless they must be considered to belong to the central area, for the folds which affect them are nearly at right angles to those of the western chains. In See also:general, however, the central area is one of faulting rather than of folding, and the sedimentary beds sometimes lie in troughs formed by faults. Extensive volcanic outbursts occurred in this region during the Tertiary period. In the western folded See also:belt the strike of the folds is N.W.-S.E., or N.N.W.-S.S.E. There are many See also:local irregularities, but the general direction,is maintained as far as the See also:southern extremity of Greece, where the folds show a tendency to See also:curve towards See also:Crete. In the north, Carboniferous beds are See also:present, and the Trias and the See also:Jura take a considerable See also:part in the formation of the chain. The Sarmatian beds are also involved in the folds, indicating that the folding was not completed till See also:Pliocene times. In the See also:south, the older beds disappear and the whole chain is formed chiefly of Cretaceous beds, though See also:Eocene and probably Jurassic rocks are
appeared in the See also:rest of Greece, almost entirely in Servia; and it
continues to decrease in See also:Bulgaria notwithstanding the efforts of
the authorities to check See also:emigration. It is nowhere found in
compact masses except in north-eastern Bulgaria and the region
between See also:Adrianople, the See also:Black Sea and the Sea of See also:Marmora.
Elsewhere it appears in See also:separate villages and
isolated districts, or in the larger towns and their
immediate neighbourhood. The See also:total See also:Turkish
See also:population of the See also:Peninsula scarcely exceeds
1,800,000. The See also:Slavonic population, including
the Serbo-Croats and Bulgars, is by far the
most numerous; its total aggregate exceeds
ro,000,000. The See also:majority of the Serbo-Croats See also:left
their homes among the Carpathians and settled
in the See also:Balkan Peninsula in the 7th See also:century.
The distinction between the Serbs of the more
central region and the Croats of the north-west,
was first See also:drawn by the See also:early See also:Byzantine chroni-
clers, and was well established by the 12th cen-
tury. It does not correspond with any valid
linguistic or racial difference; but in the course of
See also:time a strong religious difference arose. Along the Croatian and
Dalmatian See also:coast there existed a well-See also:developed Latin civiliza-
tion, which was sustained by See also:constant intercourse with See also:Italy;
and, under its See also:influence, the Serbo-Croatian immigrants were
converted to the See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also: The Orthodox Serbs inhabit the See also:kingdom of Servia, Old Servia (or Novibazar and north-western See also:Macedonia), See also:Montenegro, Herzegovina and parts of Bosnia. The Roman Catholic Croats predominate in See also:Dalmatia, north-western Bosnia and Croatia-Slavonia. See also:Monte- See also:negro, like the other mountainous regions, adhered to the See also:Greek Church; it received a number of Orthodox Servian refugees at the beginning of the 15th century, when the See also:Turks occupied Servia. The See also:numbers of the Serbo-Croats may be estimated at about 5,600,000. The Bulgars, who descend from a See also:fusion of the Slavonic See also:element with a later Ugro-Finnish See also:immigration, inhabit the kingdom of Bulgaria (including Eastern See also:Rumelia), parts of the See also:Dobrudja and the greater part of Macedonia, except Old Servia and the Aegean littoral. Apart from their colonies in See also:Bessarabia and elsewhere, they may be reckoned at 4,400,000. Only a portion of the widely-spread Ruman or Vlach See also:race, which extends over a great part of Transylvania, south See also:Hungary and Bessarabia, as well as the Rumanian kingdom, falls within the limits of the Peninsula. It is found in numerous detached settlements in Macedonia, See also:Albania and See also:northern Greece, and in colonies of See also:recent date in Servia and Bulgaria. The See also:nomad See also:Vlachs or Tzintzars of these countries See also:call themselves Arumani or " See also:Romans "; they are a remnant of the native Latinized population which received an increase from the immigration of Daco-Roman refugees, who fled southwards during the 3rd century, after the See also:abandonment of See also:Dacia by See also:Aurelian. Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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