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FRIEZE

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Originally appearing in Volume V11, Page 230 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FRIEZE . 1. (Through the Fr. frise, and Ital. fregio, from the. See also:

Lat. Phrygium, sc. See also:opus, Phrygian or embroidered See also:work), a See also:term given in See also:architecture to the central See also:division of the en-tablature of an See also:order (see ORDER), but also applied to any oblong See also:horizontal feature, introduced for decorative purposes and enriched with See also:carving. The Doric frieze had a structural origin as the triglyphs suggest See also:vertical support. The Ionic frieze was purely decorative and probably did not exist in the earliest examples, if we may See also:judge by the copies found in the Lycian tombs carved in the See also:rock. There is no frieze in the Caryatide See also:portico of the See also:Erechtheum, but in the Ionic temples its introduction may have been necessitated in consequence of more height being required in the See also:entablature to carry the beams supporting the lacunaria over the See also:peristyle. In the frieze of the Erechtheum the figures (about 2 ft. high) were carved in See also:white See also:marble and affixed by clamps to a background of See also:black Eleusinian marble. The frieze of the Choragic See also:monument of Lysicrates (10 in. high) was carved with figures representing the See also:story of See also:Dionysus and the pirates. The most remarkable frieze ever sculptured was that on the outside of the See also:wall of the See also:cella of the See also:Parthenon representing the procession of the celebrants of the Panathenaic Festival. It was 40 in. in height and 525 ft. See also:long, being carried See also:round the whole See also:building under the peristyle.

Nearly the whole of the western frieze exists in situ; of the See also:

remainder, about See also:half is in the See also:British Museum, and as much as remains is either in See also:Athens or in other museums. In some of the See also:Roman temples, as in the See also:temple of See also:Antoninus and See also:Faustina and the temple of the See also:Sun, the frieze is elaborately carved and in later work is made See also:convex, to which the term " pulvinated " is given. 2. (Probably connected with " frizz," to curl; there is no See also:historical See also:reason to connect the word with See also:Friesland), a thick, rough woollen See also:cloth, of very lasting quality, and with a heavy See also:nap, forming small tufts or curls. It is largely manufactured in See also:Ireland.

End of Article: FRIEZE

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