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holden by this tenure until the contrary is proved, but some lands have been disgavelled by particular statutes. It is more correctly described as See also:

SOCAGE

socage tenure, subject to the See also:

CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom of gavelkind. The See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief peculiarities of the custom are the following. (I) A See also:

TENANT (from Lat. tenere, to hold)

tenant can alienate his lands by See also:

FEOFFMENT

feoffment at fifteen years of See also:

AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age. (2) There is no See also:

ESCHEAT (O. Fr. esthete, from escheoir, to fall to one's share; Lat. excidere, to fall out)

escheat on See also:

ATTAINDER (from the O. Fr. ataindre, ateindre, to attain, i.e. to strike, accuse, condemn; Lat. attingere, tangere, to touch; the meaning has been greatly affected by the confusion with Fr. taindre, teindre, to taint, stain, Lat. tingere, to dye)

attainder for See also:

FELONY (0. Fr. felonie, from felon, a word meaning " wicked," common to Romanic languages, cf. Italian fella, fellone, the ultimate origin of which is obscure, but is possibly connected either with Lat. fel, gall, or fallere, to deceive. The English " fel

felony, or as it is expressed in the old See also:

RHYME

rhyme " The See also:

FATHER

father to the bough, The son to the plough." (3) Generally the tenant could always dispose of his lands by will. (4) In See also:

case of See also:

INTESTACY (Lat. intestates, one who has not made a will, from testari, to, bear witness)

intestacy the See also:

ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate descends not to the eldest son but to all the sons (or, in the case of deceased sons, their representatives) in equal shares. " Every son is as See also:

GREAT

great a See also:

GENTLEMAN (from Lat. gentilis, " belonging to a race or gens," and " man "; Fr. gentilhomme, Span. gentil hombre, Ital. gentil huomo, in its original and strict signification, a term denoting a man of good family, the Lat. generosus (its invariable transl

gentleman as the eldest son is." It is to this remarkable peculiarity that gavelkind no doubt owes its See also:

LOCAL

local popularity. Though ' This word is generally taken to represent in O. Eng. gafolgecynd, from gafol, See also:

PAYMENT (Fr. paiement, from payer, to pay; Lat. pacare, to appease, pax, peace)

payment, See also:

TRIBUTE (Lat. tributurn, a stated payment, contribution)

tribute, and gecynd, See also:

SPECIES

species, See also:

KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind, and origin-ally to have meant tenure by payment of See also:

RENT

rent or non-military services, cf. gafol-land, and thence to have been applied to the particular custom attached to such tenure in Kent. Gafol apparently is derived from the See also:

Teutonic See also:

root seen in " to give ' ; the Med. See also:

Lat. gabulum, gablum gives the Fr. See also:

GABELLE (French, from the Med. Lat. gabulum, gablum, a tax, for the origin of which see GAVELKIND)

gabelle, tax.

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GAVESTON, PIERS (d. 1312)