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GYLIPPUS

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 751 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GYLIPPUS , a Spartan See also:

general of the 5th See also:century B.C.; he was the son of Cleandridas, who had been expelled from See also:Sparta for accepting Athenian bribes (446 B.c.) and had settled at See also:Thurii. His See also:mother was probably a helot, for Gylippus is said to have been, like See also:Lysander and Callicratidas, a mothax (see HELOT). When See also:Alcibiades urged the Spartans to send a general to See also:lead the Syracusan resistance against the Athenian expedition, Gylippus was appointed, and his arrival was undoubtedly the turning point of the struggle(414-413). Though at first his See also:long See also:hair, his See also:thread-See also:bare cloak and his See also:staff furnished the subject of many a jest, and his harsh and overbearing manner caused See also:grave discontent, yet the rapidity and decisiveness of his movements, won the sympathy and respect of the Syracusans. Diodorus (xiii. 28-32),probably following See also:Timaeus, represents him as inducing the Syracusans to pass See also:sentence of See also:death on the See also:captive Athenian generals, but we need have no hesitation in accepting the statement of See also:Philistus (See also:Plutarch, See also:Nicias, 28), a Syracusan who himself took See also:part in the See also:defence, and See also:Thucydides (vii. 86), that he tried, though without success, to See also:save their lives, wishing to take them to Sparta as a See also:signal See also:proof of his success Gylippus See also:fell, as his See also:father had done, through avarice; entrusted by Lysander with an immense sum which he was to deliver to the ephors at Sparta, he could not resist the temptation to enrich himself and, on the See also:discovery of his See also:guilt, went into See also:exile. Thucydides vi. 93. 104, vii. ; Plutarch, Nicias, 19, 21, 27, 28, Lysander, 16, 17; Diodorus xiii. 7, 8, 28-32; See also:Polyaenus i.

39. 42), See See also:

SYRACUSE (for the See also:siege operations), commentaries onThucydides and the See also:Greek histories. GYLLEMBOURG-EHRENSVARD, THOMASINE CHRISTINE, BARONESS (1773–1856), Danish author, was See also:born on the 9th of See also:November 1773, at See also:Copenhagen. Her See also:maiden name was Buntzen. Her See also:great beauty See also:early attracted See also:notice, and before she was seventeen she married the famous writer See also:Peter Andreas See also:Heiberg. To him she See also:bore in the following See also:year a son, afterwards illustrious as the poet and critic Johan Ludvig Heiberg. In 'Soo her See also:husband was exiled, and she obtained a See also:divorce, marrying in See also:December 18o1 the See also:Swedish See also:Baron K. F. Ehrensvard, himself a See also:political fugitive. Her second husband, who presently adopted the name of Gyllembourg, died in 1815. In 1822 she followed her son to See also:Kiel, where he was appointed See also:professor, and in 1825 she returned with him to Copenhagen. In 1827 she first appeared as an author by See also:publishing her See also:romance of The Polonius See also:Family in her son's newspaper Flyvende See also:Post.

In 1828 the same See also:

journal contained The Magic See also:Ring, which was immediately followed by En Hverdags historie (An Everyday See also:Story). The success of this See also:anonymous See also:work was so great that the author adopted until the end of her career the name of " The Author of An Everyday Story." In 1833–1834 she published three volumes of Old and New Novels. New Stories followed in 1835 and 1836. In 1839 appeared two novels, Montanus the Younger and Ricida; in 184o, One in All; in 1841, Near and Far; in 1843, A See also:Correspondence; in 1844, The See also:Cross Ways; in 1845, Two Generations. From 1849 to 1851 the Baroness Ehrensvard-Gyllembourg was engaged in bringing out a library edition of her collected See also:works in twelve volumes. On the 2nd of See also:July 1856 she died in her son's See also:house at Copenhagen. Not until then did the See also:secret of her authorship transpire; for throughout her See also:life she had preserved the closest reticence on the subject even with her nearest See also:friends. The See also:style of Madame Ehrensvard-Gyllembourg is clear and sparkling; for See also:English readers no closer See also:analogy can be found than between her and Mrs See also:Gaskell, and Cranford might well have been written by the witty Danish authoress. See J. L. Heiberg, Peter Andreas Heiberg og Thomasine Gyllembourg (Copenhagen, 1882), and L. Kornelius-Hybel, Nagle Bemaerkninger om P.

A. Heiberg og Fru Gyllembourg (Copenhagen, 1883).

End of Article: GYLIPPUS

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