Online Encyclopedia

Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.

JENATSCH, GEORG (1596-1639)

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 316 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
Spread the word: del.icio.us del.icio.us it!

See also:

JENATSCH, GEORG (1596-1639) , Swiss See also:political See also:leader, one of his See also:kingdom to an See also:assembly on the See also:banks of the Onon, and of the most striking figures in the troubled See also:history of the See also:Grisons in the 17th See also:century, was See also:born at Samaden (See also:capital of the Upper See also:Engadine). He studied at See also:Zurich and See also:Basel, and in 1617 became the See also:Protestant pastor of Scharans (near Thusis). But almost at once he plunged into active politics, taking the See also:side of the Venetian and Protestant party of the Salis See also:family, as against the See also:Spanish and Romanist policy supported by the See also:rival family, that of Planta. He headed the " preachers " who in 1618 tortured to See also:death the See also:arch-See also:priest Rusca, of See also:Sondrio, and outlawed the Plantas. As See also:reprisals, a number of Protestants were massacred at Tirano (162o), in the See also:Valtellina, a very fertile valley, of considerable strategical importance (for through it the Spaniards in See also:Milan could communicate by the Umbrail Pass with the Austrians in See also:Tirol), which then See also:fell into the hands of the Spanish. Jenatsch took See also:part in the See also:murder (1621) of See also:Pompey Planta, the See also:head of the rival party, but later with his See also:friends was compelled to See also:fly the See also:country, giving up his position as a pastor, and henceforth acting solely as a soldier. He helped in the revolt against the Austrians in the Prattigau (1622), and in the invasion of the Valtellina by a See also:French See also:army (1624), but the See also:peace made (1626) between See also:France and See also:Spain See also:left the Valtellina in the hands of the See also:pope, and so destroyed Jenatsch's hopes. Having killed his See also:colonel, Ruinelli, in a See also:duel, Jenatsch had once more to leave his native See also:land, and took service with the Venetians (1629-1630). In 1631 he went to See also:Paris, and actively supported See also:Richelieu's schemes for See also:driving the Spaniards out of the Valtellina, which led to the successful See also:campaign of See also:Rohan (1635), one of whose firmest supporters was Jenatsch. But he soon saw that the French were as unwilling as the Spaniards to restore the Valtellina to the Grisons (which had seized it in 1512). So he became a Romanist (1635), and negotiated secretly with the Spaniards and Austrians. He was the leader of the .See also:conspiracy which See also:broke out in 1637, and resulted in the See also:expulsion of Rohan and the French from the Grisons.

This treachery on Jenatsch's part did not, however, See also:

lead to the freeing of the Valtellina from the Spaniards, and once more he tried to get French support. But on the 24th of See also:January 1639 he was assassinated at See also:Coire by the Plantas; later in the same See also:year the much coveted valley was restored by Spain to the Grisons, which held it till 1797. Jenatsch's career is of See also:general See also:historical importance by See also:reason of the See also:long conflict between France and Spain for the See also:possession of the Valtellina, which forms one of the most bloody episodes in the See also:Thirty Years' See also:War. (W. A. B. C.) See See also:biography by E. Haffter (See also:Davos, 1894).

End of Article: JENATSCH, GEORG (1596-1639)

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
JENA
[next]
JENGHIZ KHAN (1162-1227)