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See also:MARGGRAF, ANDREAS See also:SIGISMUND (1709-1782) , See also:German chemist, was See also:born at See also:Berlin on the 3rd of See also:March 1709. After studying See also:chemistry at Berlin and See also:Strassburg, See also:medicine at See also:Halle, and See also:mineralogy and metallurgy at See also:Freiberg, he returned to his native See also:city in 1735 as assistant to his See also:father, Henning See also:Christian Marggraf, See also:chief See also:apothecary at the See also:court. Three years later he was elected to the Berlin See also:Academy of Sciences, which in 1754 put him in See also:charge of its chemical laboratory and in 176o appointed him director of its physics class. He died in Berlin on the 7th of See also:August 1782. His name is especially associated with the See also:discovery of See also:sugar in beetroot. In 1747 he published an See also:account of experiments undertaken with the definite view of obtaining true sugar from indigenous See also:plants, and found that for -this purpose the first See also:place is taken by beetroot and See also:carrot, that in those plants sugar like that of See also:cane exists ready formed, and that it may be extracted by boiling the dried roots in See also:alcohol, from which it is deposited on cooling. This investigation is also memorable because he detected the nninute sugar-crystals in the roots by the help of the See also:microscope, which was thus introduced as an See also:adjunct to chemical inquiry. In another See also:research dealing with the nature of See also:alum he showed that one of the constituents of that substance, alumina, is contained in See also:common See also:clay, and further that the See also:salt cannot be prepared by the See also:action of sulphuric See also:acid on alumina alone, the addition of an See also:alkali being necessary.
End of Article: MARGGRAF, ANDREAS SIGISMUND (1709-1782)
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