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SUCRE, or CHUQUISACA

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Originally appearing in Volume V26, Page 8 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SUCRE, or See also:CHUQUISACA , a See also:city of See also:Bolivia, See also:capital of the See also:department of Chuquisaca and nominal capital of the See also:republic, 46 m. N.E. of See also:Potosi in 19° 2' 45" S., 65° 17' W. Pop. (1900), 20,967; (1906, estimate), 23,416, of whom many are See also:Indians and cholos. The city is in an elevated valley opening southward on the narrow See also:ravine through which flows the Cachimayo, the See also:principal See also:northern tributary of the Pilcomayo. Its See also:elevation, 8839 ft., gives it an exceptionally agreeable See also:climate. There are fertile valleys in the vicinity which provide the city's markets with See also:fruit and vegetables, while the vineyards of See also:Camargo (formerly known as Cinti), in the See also:southern See also:part of the department, See also:supply See also:wine and See also:spirits of excellent quality. The city is laid out regularly, with broad streets, a large central plaza and a public See also:garden, or See also:promenade, called the prado. Among its builcliags are the See also:cathedral, dating from 1553 and once noted for its See also:wealth; the See also:president's See also:palace and halls of See also:congress, which are no longer occupied as such by the See also:national See also:government; the cabildo, or See also:town-See also:hall; a See also:mint dating from 1572; the courts of See also:justice, and the university of See also:San See also:Xavier, founded in 1624, with faculties of See also:law, See also:medicine and See also:theology. There is a See also:pretty See also:chapel called the " Rotunda," erected in 1852 at the See also:lower end of the prado by President Belzfi, on the spot where an See also:attempt had been made to assassinate him. Sucre is the seat of the See also:archbishop of La See also:Plata and Charcas, the See also:primate of Bolivia. It is not a commercial town, and its only See also:note-worthy manufacture is the " See also:clay dumplings " which are eaten with potatoes by the inhabitants of the Bolivian uplands.

Although the capital of Bolivia, Sucre is one of its most isolated towns because of the difficult See also:

character of the roads leading to it. It is reached from the Pacific by way of Challapata, a station on the See also:Antofagasta & See also:Oruro railway. The See also:Spanish town, according to Velasco, was founded in 1538 by See also:Captain Pedro Angules on the site of an See also:Indian See also:village called Chuquisaca, or Chuquichaca (See also:golden See also:bridge), and was called Charcas and See also:Ciudad de la Plata by the Spaniards, though the natives clung to the See also:original Indian name. It became the capital of the See also:province of Charcas, of the comarca of Chuquisaca, and of the bishopric of La Plata and Charcas, and in See also:time it became the favourite See also:residence and See also:health resort of the See also:rich mine-owners of Potosi. The bishopric See also:dates from 1552 and the archbishopric from 1609. In the latter See also:year was created the Real Audiencia de la Plata y Charcas, a royal See also:court of justice having See also:jurisdiction over Upper See also:Peru and the La Plata provinces of that time. Sucre was the first city of Spanish See also:South See also:America to revolt against Spanish See also:rule—on the 25th of May 1809. In 1840 the name Sucre was adopted in See also:honour of the patriot See also:commander who won the last decisive See also:battle of the See also:war, and then became the first president of Bolivia. The city has suffered much from See also:partisan strife, and the removal of the government to La Paz greatly diminished its importance.

End of Article: SUCRE, or CHUQUISACA

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