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See also:TYRRELL, See also:GEORGE (1861-1909) , Irish divine, was See also:born in See also:Dublin on the 6th of See also:February 1861, and came of a See also:family noted for its intellectual distinction. He was educated under Dr See also:Benson at Rathmines School and entered Trinity See also:College in 1878. He was greatly influenced by the writings of See also:Cardinal See also:Newman, and See also:early in 1879 entered the See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church. In 188o he joined the Society of Jesus and passed his novitiate at See also:Manresa and other houses of the See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order, becoming teacher of See also:philosophy at Stonyhurst. He had a keen sympathy with the difficulties experienced by the See also:ordinary See also:lay mind in trying to reconcile the conservative See also:element in Catholicism with the principle of development and growth, and in The Faith of the Millions, Hard Sayings and Nova et vetera he attempted to clear them away. His writings have been described as " apologetic in intention, meditative in method and mystical in substance," and Tyrrell himself certainly combined in a wonderful way the judicial and the enthusiastic types of See also:character. Besides the See also:influence of Newman, the friendship and See also:work of See also:Robert See also:Dolling made a See also:great impression on him, and as he admitted, saved him from being contented with a merely See also:academic and ecclesiastical type of See also:religion. Tyrrell privately circulated among his See also:friends writings in which he See also:drew a clear See also:line of distinction between religion as a See also:life and See also:theology as the incomplete See also:- INTERPRETATION (from Lat. interpretari, to expound, explain, inter pres, an agent, go-between, interpreter; inter, between, and the root pret-, possibly connected with that seen either in Greek 4 p4'ew, to speak, or irpa-rrecv, to do)
interpretation of. that life. One of these, the See also:Letter to a See also:Professor of See also:Anthropology, was translated without his knowledge into See also:Italian, and extracts from it were published in the Corriere della Sera of See also:Milan in See also:January 1906. For at
least eight years before this he had been more or less in conflict with the authorities of his order, through his sympathy with " modernist " views, but the publication of this letter (afterwards issued by Tyrrell as A Much Abused Letter) brought about his See also:expulsion from the order in February Igoe. " The conflict," he wrote, " such as it is, is one of See also:opinion and tendencies, not of persons; it is the result of See also:mental and moral necessities created by the antitheses with which the Church is See also:wrestling in this See also:period of transition." Tyrrell found no See also:bishop to give him an ecclesiastical status and a celebret, and he never regained these privileges. In See also:July 1907 the See also:Holy See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
Office published its See also:decree condemning certain modernist propositions, and in See also:September the See also:pope issued his encyclical Pascendi Gregis. Tyrrell's See also:criticism of this document appeared in The Times on the 3oth of September and the 1st of See also:October, and led to his virtual See also:excommunication from the Church. In the few years that remained to him he gave himself with See also:patience and dignity to the work of his life. He had already published Lex orandi, insisting that the true interpretation of the creed is determined by its See also:prayer value, and in 1906 he wrote Lex credendi. This was followed by Through Scylla and Charybdis, in which he See also:developed his favourite view of See also:revelation as experience; Mediaevalism, a vigorous apologia in reply to a Lenten See also:pastoral of Cardinal See also:Mercier, See also:archbishop of See also:Malines, who had attacked him as the See also:chief exponent of Modernism; and See also:Christianity at the See also:Cross Roads, which emphasizes the distinction between his own position and that of the Liberal Protestants, and is of See also:special See also:interest for its treatment of the eschatological problems of the Gospels. On the 6th of July 1909 he was suddenly taken See also:ill, on the loth he received conditional See also:absolution from a See also:priest of the See also:diocese of See also:Southwark, and on the 12th extreme See also:unction from the See also:prior of Storrington. His intimate friend, the See also:Abbe Bremond, gave him the last absolution and remained with him until his See also:death on the 15th of July 1909. Such appear to be the facts, but Tyrrell's relations with See also:Rome were such that a See also:good See also:deal of See also:mystery was made as to whether he really received the last See also:rites of his Church in any authorized manner. About his own saintly and sympathetic character, and his essential religiousness, there was no doubt.
See the estimates by See also:Baron F. von Hugel and Rev. C. E. See also:Osborne in The Hibbert See also:Journal for January 191o; also the obituary in The Times (July 16, 1909), and the Life, by See also:Miss M. D. See also:Petre.
End of Article: TYRRELL, GEORGE (1861-1909)
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