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See also:BATHORY, See also:SIGISMUND (ZSIGMOND), (1572-1613) , See also:prince of Transylvania, was the son of See also:Christopher, prince of Transylvania, and See also:Elizabeth See also:Bocskay, and See also:nephew of the See also:great See also:Stephen Bathory. He was elected prince in his See also:father's lifetime, but being quite See also:young at his father's See also:death (1580, the See also:government was entrusted to a regency. In 1588 he attained his See also:majority, and,
II
following the See also:advice of his favourite councillor Alfonso Carillo, departed from the traditional policy of Transylvania in its best days (when friendly relations With the See also:Porte were maintained as a See also:matter of course, in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to counterpoise the ever hostile See also:influence of the See also:house of See also:Habsburg), and joined the See also:league of See also:Christian princes against the Turk. The obvious danger of such a, course caused no small anxiety in the principality, and the See also:diet of Torda even went so far as to demand a fresh See also:coronation See also:oath from Sigismund, and, on his refusal to render it, threatened him with deposition. Ultimately Bathory got the better of his opponents, and executed all whom he got into his hands (1595). Nevertheless, if anybody could have successfully carried out an See also:anti-See also:Turkish policy, it was certainly Bathory. He had inherited the military See also:genius of his See also:uncle, and his victories astonished contemporary See also:Europe. In 595 he subdued See also:Walachia and annihilated the See also:army of Sinan See also:Pasha at See also:Giurgevo (See also:October 28th). The turning-point of his career was his separation from his wife, the archduchess See also:Christina of See also:Austria, in 1599, an event followed by his own See also:abdication the same See also:year, in order that he might take orders. It was on this occasion that he offered the See also:throne of Transylvania to the See also:emperor See also:Rudolph II., in See also:exchange for the duchy of See also:Oppeln. In 1600, however, at the See also:head of an army of Poles and See also:Cossacks, he attempted to recover his throne, but was routed by See also:Michael, See also:voivode of See also:Moldavia, at Suceava. In See also:February 16o1 the diet of Klausenburg reinstated him, but again he was driven out by Michael, never to return.
He died at See also:Prague in 1613. Bathory's indisputable genius must have been warped by a See also:strain of madness. His incalculableness, his See also:savage See also:cruelty (like most of the princes of his house he was a fanatical See also:Catholic and persecutor) and his perpetual restlessness point plainly enough to a disordered mind.
See Ignaz Acsady, See also:History of the Hungariaa(See also:State (Hung.) vol. ii., (See also:Budapest, 1904). u' (R. N.
End of Article: BATHORY, SIGISMUND (ZSIGMOND), (1572-1613)
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