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BOCSKAY, STEPHEN [ISTVAN] (1557–1606)
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See also:BOCSKAY, See also:STEPHEN [ISTVAN] (1557–1606) , See also:prince of Tran- sylvania, the most eminent member of the See also:ancient Bocskay See also:family, son of Gyorgy Bocskay and Krisztina Sulyok, was See also:born at See also:Kolozsvar, See also:Hungary. As the See also:chief councillor of Prince Zsigmond See also:Bathory, he advised his See also:sovereign to See also:contract an See also:alliance with the See also:emperor instead of holding to the Turk, and rendered important See also:diplomatic services on frequent See also:missions to See also:Prague and See also:Vienna. The enmity towards him of the later Bathory princes of Transylvania, who confiscated his estates, drove him to seek See also:protection at the imperial See also:court (1599); but the attempts of the emperor See also:Rudolph II. to deprive Hungary of her constitution and the Protestants of their religious liberties speedily alienated Bocskay, especially after the terrible outrages inflicted on the Transylvanians by the imperial generals Basta and Belgiojoso from 1602 to 1604. Bocskay, to See also:save the See also:independence of Transylvania, assisted the See also:Turks; and in 1605, as a See also:reward for his See also:part in See also:driving Basta out of Transylvania, the Hungarian See also:diet, assembled at Modgyes, elected him prince (1605), on which occasion the See also:Ottoman See also:sultan sent a See also:special See also:embassy to congratulate him and a splendid jewelled See also:crown made in See also:Persia. Bocskay refused the royal dignity, but made skilful use of the See also:Turkish alliance. To save the See also:Austrian provinces of Hungary, the See also:archduke See also:Matthias, setting aside his semi-lunatic imperial See also:brother Rudolph, thereupon entered into negotiations with Bocskay, and ultimately the See also:peace of Vienna was concluded (See also:June 23, 1606), which guaranteed all the constitutional and religious rights and privileges of the Hungarians both in Transylvania and imperial Hungary. Bocskay, at the same See also:time, was acknowledged as prince of Transylvania by the Austrian court, and the right of the Transylvanians to elect their own See also:independent princes in future was officially recognized. The fortress of See also:Tokaj and the counties of Bereg, Szatmar and Ugocsa were at the same time ceded to Bocskay, with reversion to See also:Austria if he should See also:die childless. Simultaneously, at Zsitvatorok, a peace, confirmatory of the peace of Vienna, was concluded with the Turks. Bocskay survived this See also:signal and unprecedented See also:triumph only a few months. He is said to have been poisoned (See also:December 29, 1606) by his See also:chancellor, Mihaly Katay, who was hacked to bits by Bocskay's adherents in the See also:market-See also:place of Kassa. See See also:Political See also:Correspondence of Stephen Bocskay (Hung.), edited by Karoly Szabo (See also:Budapest, 1882) ; Jeno Thury, Stephen Bocskay's See also:Rebellion (Hung.), Budapest, 1899. (R. N. Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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