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CATHELINEAU, JACQUES (1759—1793)

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 524 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CATHELINEAU, JACQUES (1759—1793) , See also:French Vendean chieftain during the Revolution, was See also:born at See also:Tin-en-Manges, in the See also:country now forming the See also:department of See also:Maine-et-See also:Loire. He became well known in the country of See also:Anjou, over which he travelled as a pedlar and dealer in See also:contraband goods. His See also:physical strength and his See also:great piety gave him considerable ascendancy over the peasants, who surnamed him " the See also:saint of Anjou." In the first years of the Revolution, Cathelineau listened to the exhortations of See also:Catholic priests and royalist emigres, and joined the insurrection provoked by them against the revolutionary See also:government. See also:Collecting a See also:band of peasants and smugglers, he took the See also:chateau of Gallais, where he captured a See also:cannon, christened by the Vendeans the " Missionary "; he then took the towns of Chemille, See also:Cholet, Vihicrs and Chalonnes (See also:March 1793). His companions committed atrocities which brought upon them terrible See also:reprisals on the See also:part of the o Republicans. Meanwhile Cathelineau's troops increased, and he combined with the other Vendean chiefs, such as N. See also:Stofflet and Gigot d'Elbee, taking the towns of Beaupreau, Fontenay and See also:Saumur. The first successes of the Vendeans were due to the fact that the Republicans had not expected an insurrection. When the resistance to the insurgents became more serious, See also:differences arose among their leaders. To avoid these rivalries, it is thought that Cathelineau was named generalissimo of the rebels, though his authority over the undisciplined troops was not increased by the new See also:office. In 1793 all the Royalist forces tried to See also:capture See also:Nantes. Cathelineau entered the See also:town in spite of the resistance of See also:General J.

B. C. Canclaux, but he was killed, and the Vendean See also:

army See also:broke up. Numerous relatives of Cathelineau also perished in the See also:war of La See also:Vendee. His See also:grandson, See also:Henri de Cathelineau, figured in the war of 187o between See also:France and See also:Germany (see also VENDEE; See also:CHOUANS). See C. See also:Port, See also:Vie de J. Cathelineau (1882) ; " La Legende de Cathelineau " in the See also:review La Revolution francaise, vol. See also:xxiv. ; See also:Les Origines de la' Vendee (See also:Paris, 1888, 2 vols.); Dictionnaire historique de Maine-et-Loire; Cretineau-Joly, Histoire de la Vendee militazre; Th. Muret, Vie populaire de Cathelineau (1845). (R.

End of Article: CATHELINEAU, JACQUES (1759—1793)

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