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COLLEONI, BARTOLOMMEO (1400-1475)

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 687 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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COLLEONI, BARTOLOMMEO (1400-1475) , See also:Italian soldier of See also:fortune, was See also:born at See also:Bergamo. While he was still a See also:child his See also:father was attacked and murdered in his See also:castle of Trezzo by Filippo Maria See also:Visconti, See also:duke of See also:Milan. After wandering about See also:Italy he entered the service of various condottieri, such as Braccio da Montone and See also:Carmagnola. At the See also:age of See also:thirty-two he was serving the Venetian See also:republic, and although See also:Francesco Maria See also:Gonzaga was See also:commander-in-See also:chief, Colleoni was the See also:life and soul of the See also:army. He recaptured many towns and districts for See also:Venice from the Milanese, and when Gonzaga went over to the enemy he continued to serve the Venetians under Erasmo da See also:Narni (known as Gattamelata) and Francesco A. See also:Sforza, winning battles at See also:Brescia, See also:Verona and on the See also:lake of See also:Garda. When See also:peace was made between Milan and Venice in 1441 Colleoni went over to the Milanese, together with Sforza in 1443. But althoughwell treated at first, he soon See also:fell under the suspicion of the treacherous Visconti and was imprisoned at See also:Monza, where he remained until the duke's See also:death in 1447. Milan then fell under the lordship of Sforza, whom Colleoni served for a See also:time, but in 1448 he took leave of Sforza and returned to the Venetians. Disgusted at not having been elected See also:captain-See also:general, he went over to Sforza once more, but Venice could not do without him and by offering him increased emoluments induced him to return, and in 1455 he was appointed captain-general of the republic for life. Although he occasionally fought on his own See also:account, when Venice was at peace, he remained at the disposal of the republic in time of See also:war until his death. Colleoni was perhaps the most respectable of all the Italian condottieri, and although he often changed sides, no See also:act of treachery is imputed to him, nor did he subject the territories he passed through to the rapine and exactions practised by other soldiers of fortune.

When not fighting he devoted his time to introducing agricultural improvements on the vast estates with which the Venetians had endowed him, and to charitable See also:

works. At his death in 1475 he See also:left a large sum to the republic for the See also:Turkish war, with a See also:request that an equestrian statue of himself should be erected in the Piazza See also:San Marco. The statue was made by Verrocchio, but as no See also:monument was permitted in the famous Piazza it was placed opposite the See also:hospital of St See also:Mark by way of See also:compromise. See G. M. See also:Bonomi, Il See also:Castello di Cavernago e i See also:conti Martinengo Colleoni (Bergamo, 1884) ; for an account of his See also:wars see S. Romania, Storia documentata di Venezia, vol. iv. (Venice, 1855), and other histories of Venice. (L.

End of Article: COLLEONI, BARTOLOMMEO (1400-1475)

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