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BRESCIA (anc. Brixia)

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 498 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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BRESCIA
BRESCIA (anc. Brixia)

BRESCIA (anc. Brixia) , a See also:

CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city and episcopal see of See also:

LOMBARDY

Lombardy, See also:

Italy, the See also:

capital of the See also:

province of Brescia, finely 'situated at the See also:

FOOT

foot of the See also:

ALPS

Alps, 52 M. E. of See also:

Milan and 40 M. W. of See also:

Verona by See also:

RAIL

rail. Pop. (1901) See also:

TOWN

town, 42,495; See also:

commune, 72,731. The See also:

plan of the city is rectangular, and the streets intersect at right angles, a peculiarity handed down from See also:

ROMAN

Roman times, though the See also:

AREA

area enclosed by the See also:

MEDIEVAL

medieval walls is larger than that of the Roman town, which occupied the eastern portion of the See also:

PRESENT

present one. The Piazza del Museo marks the site of the See also:

FORUM (Lat. from foris, " out of doors ")

forum, and the museum on its See also:

north See also:

side is ensconced in a Corinthian See also:

temple with three cellae, by some attributed to See also:

Hercules, but more probably the Capitolium of the city, erected by See also:

VESPASIAN

Vespasian in A.D. 73 (if the inscription really belongs to the See also:

BUILDING

building; cf. Th. See also:

MOMMSEN, THEODOR (1817–1903)

Mommsen in Corp. Inscrip.

See also:

LAT

Lat. v. No. 4312, See also:

Berlin, 1872), and excavated in 1823. It contains a famous See also:

BRONZE

bronze statue of Victory, found in 1826. Scanty remains of a building on the See also:

south side of the forum, called the See also:

CURIA

curia, but which may be a See also:

BASILICA

basilica, and of the See also:

THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre, on the See also:

east of the temple, still exist. Brescia contains many interesting medieval buildings. The See also:

castle, at the north-east See also:

ANGLE (from the Lat. angulus, a corner, a diminutive, of which the primitive form, angus, does not occur in Latin; cognate are the Lat. angere, to compress into a bend or to strangle, and the Gr. ayKOS, a bend; both connected with the Aryan root ank-, to

angle of the town, commands a See also:

FINE

fine view. It is now a military See also:

PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison. The old See also:

CATHEDRAL

cathedral is a See also:

ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round domed structure of the loth (?) See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century erected over an See also:

early See also:

Christian basilica, which has See also:

FORTY

forty-two See also:

ancient columns; and the Broletto, adjoining the new cathedral (a building of 1604) on the north, is a massive building of the 12th and 13th centuries (the See also:

ORIGINAL

original town See also:

hall, now the prefecture and See also:

law courts), with a lofty See also:

TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower. There are also remains of the See also:

CONVENT (Lat. conventus, from convenire, to come together)

convent of S. Salvatore, founded by See also:

DESIDERIUS

Desiderius, See also:

king of Lombardy, including three churches, two of which now contain the fine medieval museum, which possesses See also:

GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good ivories. The See also:

church of S.

See also:

Francesco has a See also:

GOTHIC

Gothic See also:

FACADE

facade and cloisters. There are also some good See also:

RENAISSANCE, THE

Renaissance palaces and other buildings, including the Municipio, begun in 1492 and completed by Jacopo See also:

Sansovino in 1554—1574. This is a magnificent structure, with fine ornamentation. The church of S. Maria dei Miracoli (1488—1523) is also noteworthy for its See also:

general effect and for the richness of its details, especially of the reliefs on the facade. Many other churches, and the picture See also:

GALLERY (through Ital. galleria, from Med. Lat. galeria, of which the origin is unknown)

gallery (Galleria Martinengo), contain fine See also:

WORKS

works of the painters of the Brescian school, Alessandro Bonvicino (generally known as See also:

MORETTO, IL (" The Blackamoor," a term which has not been particularly accounted for)

Moretto), See also:

GIROLAMO (1450-1486)

Girolamo Romanino and Moretto's See also:

PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

pupil, Giovanni Battista See also:

Moroni. The Biblioteca Queriniana contains early See also:

MSS

MSS., a r4th-century MS. of See also:

DANTE

Dante, &c., and some rare See also:

INCUNABULA

incunabula. The city is well supplied with See also:

WATER

water, and has no less than seventy-two public fountains. Brescia has considerable factories of See also:

IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron See also:

WALE, (?) ROBERT (xloo?-1175?)

wale, particularly See also:

FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire-arms and weapons (one of the See also:

government small arms factories being situated here), also of woollens, linens and silks, matches, candles, &c. The See also:

stone quarries of Mazzano, 8 m. east of Brescia, supplied material for the See also:

MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument to See also:

Victor See also:

EMMANUEL, or IMMANUEL

Emmanuel II. and other buildings in See also:

Rome. Brescia is situated on the See also:

main railway See also:

LINE

line between Milan and Verona, and has See also:

BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch See also:

RAILWAYS

railways to See also:

ISEO, LAKE OF (the Laois Sebinus of the Romans)

Iseo, See also:

PARMA

Parma, See also:

Cremona and (via Rovato) to See also:

Bergamo, and See also:

steam tramways to See also:

MANTUA (Ital. Mantova)

Mantua, See also:

SONCINO

Soncino, See also:

PONTE (Ital. for " bridge ")

Ponte Toscolano and Cardone Valtrompia. The ancient See also:

CELTIC

Celtic Brixia, a town of the See also:

CENOMANI

Cenomani, became Roman in 225 B.c., when the Cenomani submitted to Rome.

See also:

AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

Augustus founded a See also:

CIVIL

civil (not a military) See also:

COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony here in 27 B.C., and he and Tiberius constructed an See also:

AQUEDUCT (Lat. aqua, water, and ducere, to lead; Gr. apaymryeiov, apayeeywov, vlrovopos)

aqueduct to See also:

SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply it. In 452 it was plundered by See also:

ATTILA (d. 453)

Attila, but was the seat of a duchy in the Lombard See also:

period. From 1167 it was one of the most active members of the Lombard See also:

LEAGUE

League. In 1258 it See also:

fell into the hands of See also:

ECCELINO [or EzzELINO] DA ROMANO (1194-1259)

Eccelino of Verona, and belonged to the Scaligers (della Scala) until 1421, when it came under the See also:

VISCONTI

Visconti of Milan, and in 1426 under See also:

Venice. Early in the 16th century it was one of the wealthiest cities of Lombardy, but has never recovered from its See also:

SACK

sack by the See also:

French under Gaston de See also:

FOIX

Foix in 1512. It belonged to Venice until 1797, when it came under See also:

AUSTRIAN

Austrian dominion; it revolted in 1848, and again in 1849, being the only Lombard town to rally to See also:

Charles See also:

Albert in the latter See also:

YEAR

year, but was taken after ten days' obstinate See also:

street fighting by the Austrians under See also:

HAYNAU, JULIUS JACOB (1786–1853)

Haynau. See Museo Bresciano Illustrato (Brescia, 1838). (T.

End of Article: BRESCIA (anc. Brixia)

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